---
title: mutton — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mutton» in the school dictionary: Meat from an adult sheep, older than lamb, with a stronger taste. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mutton

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** mutton, Mutton head, Grandma, restaurant, farmer, Mutton chops · **What happens:** dress, make, be, call, come, sell · **To what, where:** UK, older person, clothes, informal unkind way, someone, mutton stew · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mutton» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mutton in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mutton.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Meat from an adult sheep, older than lamb, with a stronger taste.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:m1:1
# text = Meat from an adult sheep, older than lamb, with a stronger taste.
1	Meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	parataxis	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lamb	lamb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the saying «mutton dressed as lamb» (UK, informal, unkind): an older person dressed in clothes made for much younger people.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:m2:1
# text = In the saying «mutton dressed as lamb» (UK, informal, unkind): an older person dressed in clothes made for much younger people.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	saying	saying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	lamb	lamb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
20	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
21	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	21	obl	_	_
24	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	much	much	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	28	amod	_	_
28	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dress** *in a quote* | participle | mutton *not said here* | UK |  |  |  | as lamb | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **dress** | participle |  | a older person *not said here* |  | clothes |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | clothes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mutton head is an informal, unkind way to call someone stupid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:m3:1
# text = Mutton head is an informal, unkind way to call someone stupid.
1	Mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mutton head | a informal unkind way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | to-infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  | stupid *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma made a mutton stew with potatoes and carrots.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x1:1
# text = Grandma made a mutton stew with potatoes and carrots.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	stew	stew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	carrots	carrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Grandma | a mutton stew |  |  |  | with potatoes and carrots | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stew=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mutton comes from older sheep and lamb from young ones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x2:1
# text = Mutton comes from older sheep and lamb from young ones.
1	Mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	lamb	lamb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Mutton |  |  |  |  | from older sheep and lamb from young ones | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from sheep=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The restaurant sells spicy mutton curry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x3:1
# text = The restaurant sells spicy mutton curry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sells	sell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	spicy	spicy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	curry	curry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | the restaurant | spicy mutton curry |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curry=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old story the farmer ate bread and cold mutton.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x4:1
# text = In the old story the farmer ate bread and cold mutton.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | the farmer | bread and cold mutton |  | the old story |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mutton takes a long time to cook so it gets tender.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x5:1
# text = Mutton takes a long time to cook so it gets tender.
1	Mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	cook	cook	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
11	tender	tender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Mutton |  |  |  | time |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cook** | to-infinitive | Mutton *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **get** | present | Mutton | tender |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tender=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Mutton chops» are also long sideburns on a man's face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x6:1
# text = «Mutton chops» are also long sideburns on a man's face.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	chops	chop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sideburns	sideburn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mutton chops | long sideburns |  | a man's face |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is rude to say someone looks like mutton dressed as lamb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x7:1
# text = It is rude to say someone looks like mutton dressed as lamb.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
7	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	lamb	lamb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **look** | present | someone |  |  |  |  | like mutton | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **dress** | participle |  | mutton *not said here* |  |  |  | as lamb | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can it be a crime to eat sheep, such stupid mutton heads?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutton:x8:1
# text = Can it be a crime to eat sheep, such stupid mutton heads?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | it | a crime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive |  | sheep and such stupid mutton heads |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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