---
title: nahuatl — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nahuatl» in the school dictionary: Nahuatl is the language of the Aztecs, still spoken today by over a million people in Mexico. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nahuatl

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Nahuatl, Aztecs, Chocolate, million people, Tomatl, Spanish · **What happens:** be, speak, come, write · **To what, where:** language, Nahuatl, Nahuatl word, pictures · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«nahuatl» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nahuatl in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nahuatl.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nahuatl is the language of the Aztecs, still spoken today by over a million people in Mexico.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:m1:1
# text = Nahuatl is the language of the Aztecs, still spoken today by over a million people in Mexico.
1	Nahuatl	nahuatl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
11	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	over	over	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl:agent	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Nahuatl | the language |  |  |  | of the Aztecs | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the language *not said here* |  |  | still; today |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Aztecs spoke Nahuatl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:x1:1
# text = The Aztecs spoke Nahuatl.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Nahuatl	Nahuatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the Aztecs | Nahuatl |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Chocolate» comes from a Nahuatl word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:x2:1
# text = «Chocolate» comes from a Nahuatl word.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Nahuatl	Nahuatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Chocolate |  |  | a Nahuatl word |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About 1.5 million people in Mexico speak Nahuatl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:x3:1
# text = About 1.5 million people in Mexico speak Nahuatl.
1	About	about	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	1.5	1.5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	compound	_	_
3	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Nahuatl	Nahuatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | million people in Mexico | Nahuatl |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Tomatl» is the Nahuatl word for tomato.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:x4:1
# text = «Tomatl» is the Nahuatl word for tomato.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Tomatl	Tomatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Nahuatl	Nahuatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	tomato	tomato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tomatl | the Nahuatl word |  |  |  | for tomato | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nahuatl was written in pictures before the Spanish came.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:x5:1
# text = Nahuatl was written in pictures before the Spanish came.
1	Nahuatl	Nahuatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past · passive |  | Nahuatl |  | pictures |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in picture=Destination |
| 2 | **come** | past | the Spanish |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some Mexican place names come from Nahuatl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nahuatl:x6:1
# text = Some Mexican place names come from Nahuatl.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
2	Mexican	Mexican	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Nahuatl	Nahuatl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | some Mexican place names |  |  | Nahuatl |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from nahuatl=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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