---
title: navigation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «navigation» in the school dictionary: The skill or process of finding your way or planning a route, especially at sea or in the air. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# navigation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** process, you, system, Navigation, car, Birds · **What happens:** find, plan, steer, move, show, be · **To what, where:** way, route, sea, ship, website, navigation system

<!-- .vabout -->
«navigation» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [navigation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/navigation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skill or process of finding your way or planning a route, especially at sea or in the air.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:m1:1
# text = The skill or process of finding your way or planning a route, especially at sea or in the air.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	finding	find	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	planning	plan	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	route	route	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | gerund | process *not said here* | your way |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |
| 2 | **plan** | gerund | process *not said here* | a route |  | sea or the air |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent route=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The steering of a ship or plane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:m2:1
# text = The steering of a ship or plane.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	steering	steering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steer** |  |  | a ship or plane |  |  |  |  | nom steering «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The way you move around a website or app; its menus and links.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:m3:1
# text = The way you move around a website or app; its menus and links.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	menus	menu	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	links	link	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | you | the way |  | a website or app |  | app's menus and links *obl* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around website=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A system that shows the way, such as a sat nav.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:m4:1
# text = A system that shows the way, such as a sat nav.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	sat	sat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	nav	nav	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a system | the way and a sat nav |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent way=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Navigation was hard for early explorers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x1:1
# text = Navigation was hard for early explorers.
1	Navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Navigation |  |  |  |  | for early explorers; hard *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our car has a navigation system.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x2:1
# text = Our car has a navigation system.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our car | a navigation system |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent system=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds use the Earth's magnetism for navigation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x3:1
# text = Birds use the Earth's magnetism for navigation.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	magnetism	magnetism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Birds | the Earth's magnetism |  |  |  | for navigation | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent magnetism=Theme for navigation=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The website has easy navigation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x4:1
# text = The website has easy navigation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the website | easy navigation |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent navigation=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned map and compass navigation on camp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x5:1
# text = We learned map and compass navigation on camp.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	compass	compass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We | map and compass navigation on camp |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lighthouse helps with navigation at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x6:1
# text = The lighthouse helps with navigation at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the lighthouse |  |  |  | night | with navigation | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with navigation=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn on the navigation app before we leave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x7:1
# text = Turn on the navigation app before we leave.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the navigation app |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on app=Trajectory |
| 2 | **leave** | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were at last blown on shore, for navigation was primitive in those days.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:navigation:x8:1
# text = They were at last blown on shore, for navigation was primitive in those days.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	blown	blow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	navigation	navigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	primitive	primitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
15	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  |  |  | last *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **blow** | participle |  |  |  | shore |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | navigation |  |  |  | day | primitive *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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