---
title: nemesis — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nemesis» in the school dictionary: A nemesis is the thing that brings a person's downfall or punishment, something they deserve for bad deeds. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nemesis

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**Who acts:** nemesis, thing, downfall, lasting rival, old rival · **What happens:** be, bring, deserve, defeat, punish, become · **To what, where:** thing, downfall, lasting rival, you, proud king, tale

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«nemesis» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nemesis in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nemesis.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A nemesis is the thing that brings a person's downfall or punishment, something they deserve for bad deeds.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nemesis:m1:1
# text = A nemesis is the thing that brings a person's downfall or punishment, something they deserve for bad deeds.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nemesis	nemesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	downfall	downfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	appos	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	deserve	deserve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	deeds	deed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a nemesis | the thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bring** | present | the thing | a person's downfall or punishment |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent downfall=Theme |
| 3 | **deserve** | present | downfall |  |  |  |  | for bad deeds | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A nemesis can also be a lasting rival who always defeats you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nemesis:m2:1
# text = A nemesis can also be a lasting rival who always defeats you.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nemesis	nemesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lasting	lasting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	rival	rival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	11	advmod	_	_
11	defeats	defeat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a nemesis | a lasting rival |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **defeat** | present | a lasting rival | you |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the tale, Nemesis punishes the proud king.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nemesis:x1:1
# text = In the tale, Nemesis punishes the proud king.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Nemesis	Nemesis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	punishes	punish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	proud	proud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | present | Nemesis | the proud king |  | the tale |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His old rival became his nemesis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nemesis:x2:1
# text = His old rival became his nemesis.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rival	rival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	nemesis	nemesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | His old rival | rival's nemesis |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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