---
title: nephew — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nephew» in the school dictionary: Your nephew is the son of your brother or sister. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nephew

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** nephew, aunt, Uncle Pat, Pat, She, you · **What happens:** be, have, take, fish, buy, say · **To what, where:** son, two nephews, nephew fishing, presents, 3 sisters, 2 sons · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«nephew» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nephew in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nephew.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your nephew is the son of your brother or sister.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:m1:1
# text = Your nephew is the son of your brother or sister.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your nephew | the son |  |  |  | of your brother or sister | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your nephew can also be the son of your husband's or wife's brother or sister.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:m2:1
# text = Your nephew can also be the son of your husband's or wife's brother or sister.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | Your nephew | the son |  |  |  | of your husband's brother or sister | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt has two nephews: me and my brother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x1:1
# text = My aunt has two nephews: me and my brother.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	nephews	nephew	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	parataxis	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My aunt | two nephews |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nephew=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Uncle Pat took his nephew fishing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x2:1
# text = Uncle Pat took his nephew fishing.
1	Uncle	Uncle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Pat	Pat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Uncle Pat | Pat's nephew fishing |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fishing=Theme |
| 2 | **fish** |  | Pat |  |  |  |  |  | nom fishing «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My nephew is only three years old.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x3:1
# text = My nephew is only three years old.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My nephew |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought presents for all her nephews and nieces.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x4:1
# text = She bought presents for all her nephews and nieces.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	presents	present	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	nephews	nephew	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	nieces	niece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She | presents |  |  |  | for her nephews and nieces | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent present=Theme for nephew=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you have 3 sisters and each has 2 sons, you have 6 nephews.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x5:1
# text = If you have 3 sisters and each has 2 sons, you have 6 nephews.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	sisters	sister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nsubj	_	_
8	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	nephews	nephew	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | 3 sisters |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sister=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | present | each | 2 sons |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | present | you | 6 nephews |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nephew=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My mum's sister's son is her nephew and my cousin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x6:1
# text = My mum's sister's son is her nephew and my cousin.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My mum's sister's son | her nephew and my cousin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"My dear nephew," he said, "your story gives me some hope.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nephew:x7:1
# text = "My dear nephew," he said, "your story gives me some hope.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	nephew	nephew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	iobj	_	_
15	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
16	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** *in a quote* | present | your story | some hope | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient hope=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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