---
title: nettle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nettle» in the school dictionary: A wild plant with jagged leaves covered in tiny hairs that sting and cause an itchy, burning rash when they touch your skin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nettle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tiny hairs, hairs, I, nettle sting, you, Caterpillars · **What happens:** cover, sting, cause, burn, touch, nettle · **To what, where:** wild plant, itchy burning rash, skin, someone, them, patch

<!-- .vabout -->
«nettle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nettle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nettle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wild plant with jagged leaves covered in tiny hairs that sting and cause an itchy, burning rash when they touch your skin.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:m1:1
# text = A wild plant with jagged leaves covered in tiny hairs that sting and cause an itchy, burning rash when they touch your skin.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	jagged	jagged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	sting	sting	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	cause	cause	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	itchy	itchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	amod	_	_
19	rash	rash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
20	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	22	mark	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	touch	touch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle · passive |  | a wild plant with jagged leaves |  |  |  | in tiny hairs | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in hair=Theme |
| 2 | **sting** | present | tiny hairs |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **cause** | present | tiny hairs *not said here* | a itchy burning rash |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition rash=Patient |
| 4 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **touch** | present | hairs *= hair* | your skin |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme skin=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to nettle someone means to annoy them a little.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:m2:1
# text = As a verb, to nettle someone means to annoy them a little.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	nettle	nettle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	annoy	annoy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nettle** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | as a verb | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **annoy** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  |  | a little *obl:unmarked* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I fell into a patch of stinging nettles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x1:1
# text = I fell into a patch of stinging nettles.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	patch	patch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	stinging	sting	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	amod	_	_
8	nettles	nettle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | I |  |  |  |  | into a patch of stinging nettles *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into patch=Result |
| 2 | **sting** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nettle sting left itchy white bumps on my leg.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x2:1
# text = The nettle sting left itchy white bumps on my leg.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	nettle	nettle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	itchy	itchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bumps	bump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | participle | the nettle sting *not said here* | itchy white bumps |  | my leg |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bump=Theme on leg=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear long trousers to walk through nettles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x3:1
# text = Wear long trousers to walk through nettles.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	trousers	trousers	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	nettles	nettle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | long trousers |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent trousers=Source |
| 2 | **walk** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | nettles |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through nettle=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Caterpillars of the peacock butterfly eat nettles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x4:1
# text = Caterpillars of the peacock butterfly eat nettles.
1	Caterpillars	caterpillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	peacock	peacock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	nettles	nettle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Caterpillars of the peacock butterfly | nettles |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nettle=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma makes soup from young nettle leaves, cooked so they don't sting.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x5:1
# text = Grandma makes soup from young nettle leaves, cooked so they don't sting.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	nettle	nettle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	sting	sting	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Grandma | soup |  | young nettle leaves |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent soup=Product from leaf=Material |
| 2 | **cook** | participle |  | young nettle leaves *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **sting** | present · do-support | leaves *= leaf* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We rubbed a dock leaf on the nettle sting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x6:1
# text = We rubbed a dock leaf on the nettle sting.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rubbed	rub	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dock	dock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	nettle	nettle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rub** | past | We | a dock leaf |  | the nettle sting |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme on sting=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nettles have tiny hairs that sting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x7:1
# text = Nettles have tiny hairs that sting.
1	Nettles	nettle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sting	sting	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Nettles | tiny hairs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient |
| 2 | **sting** | present | tiny hairs |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His teasing nettled her.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x8:1
# text = His teasing nettled her.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teasing	teasing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	nettled	nettle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nettle** | past | His teasing | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus she=Experiencer |
| 2 | **tease** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom teasing «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All around grew nettles and tall grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nettle:x9:1
# text = All around grew nettles and tall grass.
1	All	all	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	around	around	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nettles	nettle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past |  | nettles and tall grass |  |  |  | all, around *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location nettle=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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