---
title: never — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «never» in the school dictionary: Never means not at any time, not even once. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# never

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, He, million years, time, She, Tom · **What happens:** not mean, not mind, mean, not worry, be, not say · **To what, where:** strong way, it, 12, strong no, that, stiff forms · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«never» in the school dictionary: its 7 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [never in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/never.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never means not at any time, not even once.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m1:1
# text = Never means not at any time, not even once.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	even	even	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | time | once *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never can also mean «not» in a strong way: «Never mind» means do not worry about it.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m2:1
# text = Never can also mean «not» in a strong way: «Never mind» means do not worry about it.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	mind	mind	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
18	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	worry	worry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	ccomp	_	_
21	about	about	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  | in a strong way | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **mind** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **worry** | infinitive · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | about way | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about it=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Never ever» is a strong way to say never.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m3:1
# text = «Never ever» is a strong way to say never.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a strong way |  |  | ever |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual, UK, Ireland — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Never!» or «you never!» means I can't believe it: «He ate 12? Never!».

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Never!» or «you never!» means I can't believe it: «He ate 12?

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m4:1
# text = «Never!» or «you never!» means I can't believe it: «He ate 12?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
21	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **believe** | can | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **eat** *in a quote* | past | He | 12 |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 12=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Never!».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m4:2
# text = Never!».
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I never» often means simply «I didn't» about one time: «I never touched it!».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m5:1
# text = «I never» often means simply «I didn't» about one time: «I never touched it!».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	simply	simply	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
13	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present | I |  |  |  |  | often, simply *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **do** *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  | time |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **touch** *in a quote* | past | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rough — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Never in a million years» and «not never» (broken grammar) mean a strong no: «I ain't never doing that.».

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m6:1
# text = «Never in a million years» and «not never» (broken grammar) mean a strong no: «I ain't never doing that.».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	grammar	grammar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	_
17	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	no	no	NOUN	NN	_	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	ai	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
26	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
28	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present | million years and broken grammar | a strong no |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **do** *in a quote* | gerund | million years and broken grammar *not said here* | that |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«At no time», «on no occasion» and «under no circumstances» are the stiff forms: «Under no circumstances may the door be left open.».

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:m7:1
# text = «At no time», «on no occasion» and «under no circumstances» are the stiff forms: «Under no circumstances may the door be left open.».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	16	det	_	_
16	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	Under	under	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	26	det	_	_
26	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
27	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	parataxis	_	_
32	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | no time | the stiff forms |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** *in a quote* | may · passive |  | the door |  | no circumstances |  | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme under circumstance=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She never eats the red candies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x1:1
# text = She never eats the red candies.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	candies	candy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | present | She | the red candies |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent candy=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He never misses a day of practice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x2:1
# text = He never misses a day of practice.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	misses	miss	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **miss** | present | He |  |  |  | day |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom never spends his coins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x3:1
# text = Tom never spends his coins.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	spends	spend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **spend** | present | Tom | Tom's coins |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Asset |
| 2 | **coin** |  | Tom |  |  |  |  |  | nom coin «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never cross the road without looking both ways.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x4:1
# text = Never cross the road without looking both ways.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	cross	cross	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cross** | imperative | you *not said here* | the road |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | you *not said here* | both ways |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have never been on a plane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x5:1
# text = I have never been on a plane.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | participle |  |  |  | a plane |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never mind, we can try again tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x6:1
# text = Never mind, we can try again tomorrow.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	mind	mind	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	try	try	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mind** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **try** | can | we |  |  |  | again; tomorrow |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A square never has five sides.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x7:1
# text = A square never has five sides.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present | a square | five sides |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Better late than never!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x8:1
# text = Better late than never!
1	Better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
2	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«She got 20 out of 20.» «Never! Seriously?» (casual)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «She got 20 out of 20.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x9:1
# text = «She got 20 out of 20.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** *in a quote* | past | She | 20 |  | 20 |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 20=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Never!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x9:2
# text = «Never!
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Seriously?»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x9:3
# text = Seriously?»
1	Seriously	seriously	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 4:* (casual)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x9:4
# text = (casual)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	casual	casual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I never took your crisps, ask him (casual, means «I didn't»)

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x10:1
# text = I never took your crisps, ask him (casual, means «I didn't»)
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	casual	casual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** | past | I | your crisps |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crisp=Theme |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | I *not said here* |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **do** *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never in a million years, mate — sod off. (rough)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Never in a million years, mate — sod off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x11:1
# text = Never in a million years, mate — sod off.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	sod	sod	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sod off** | infinitive | million years and mate *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (rough)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x11:2
# text = (rough)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At no time did the number of passengers exceed 40; state the maximum possible number. (formal exam)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* At no time did the number of passengers exceed 40; state the maximum possible number.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x12:1
# text = At no time did the number of passengers exceed 40; state the maximum possible number.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	passengers	passenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	exceed	exceed	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	maximum	maximum	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past |  | state  the maximum possible number |  |  | time |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **exceed** | present | the number of passengers | 40 |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot 40=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal exam)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:never:x12:2
# text = (formal exam)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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