---
title: newt — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «newt» in the school dictionary: A newt is a small amphibian with a long tail, four short legs and damp skin that lives partly in water and partly on land. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# newt

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** newt, damp skin, We, Newts, it, Harry · **What happens:** be, live, see, protect, lay, grow · **To what, where:** small amphibian, water, newt, school pond, amphibian, great crested newt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«newt» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [newt in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/newt.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A newt is a small amphibian with a long tail, four short legs and damp skin that lives partly in water and partly on land.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:m1:1
# text = A newt is a small amphibian with a long tail, four short legs and damp skin that lives partly in water and partly on land.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	amphibian	amphibian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
13	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a newt | a small amphibian |  |  |  | with a long tail; four short legs and damp skin *nmod* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | damp skin |  |  | water and land |  | partly *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw a newt in the school pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x1:1
# text = We saw a newt in the school pond.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | a newt |  | the school pond |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer newt=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A newt is an amphibian, like a frog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x2:1
# text = A newt is an amphibian, like a frog.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	amphibian	amphibian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a newt | a amphibian |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The great crested newt is protected.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x3:1
# text = The great crested newt is protected.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	crested	crested	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present · passive |  | the great crested newt |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Newts lay their eggs on pond weeds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x4:1
# text = Newts lay their eggs on pond weeds.
1	Newts	newt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	weeds	weed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | Newts | Newts's eggs |  | pond weeds |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme on weed=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A newt can grow a new tail if it loses one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x5:1
# text = A newt can grow a new tail if it loses one.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	loses	lose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | can | a newt | a new tail |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tail=Theme |
| 2 | **lose** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | newt | one |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The newt hid under a damp log.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x6:1
# text = The newt hid under a damp log.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	log	log	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | the newt |  |  | a damp log |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under log=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There it sat, stroking itself with its feet and stretching its wings, and Harry said: "Why, it's a tiny newt!"

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:newt:x7:1
# text = There it sat, stroking itself with its feet and stretching its wings, and Harry said: "Why, it's a tiny newt!"
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	stroking	stroke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	stretching	stretch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	Harry	Harry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	newt	newt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | it |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stroke** | gerund |  | itself *= it* |  |  |  | with its feet | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent itself=Experiencer with foot=Instrument |
| 3 | **stretch** | gerund |  | its wings |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wing=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Harry |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | it | a tiny newt |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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