---
title: nightcap — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nightcap» in the school dictionary: A soft cloth cap people used to wear in bed to keep their heads warm. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nightcap

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** soft cloth cap, Wee Willie, Grandpa, old man, guests, bear · **What happens:** use, wear, keep, take, go, run · **To what, where:** bed, heads, town, cup, nightcap, ears

<!-- .vabout -->
«nightcap» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nightcap in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nightcap.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A soft cloth cap people used to wear in bed to keep their heads warm.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:m1:1
# text = A soft cloth cap people used to wear in bed to keep their heads warm.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | a soft cloth cap |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **wear** | to-infinitive | a soft cloth cap *not said here* |  |  | bed |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **keep** | to-infinitive | a soft cloth cap *not said here* | people's heads |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drink, often alcoholic or a hot milky drink, taken just before going to bed.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:m2:1
# text = A drink, often alcoholic or a hot milky drink, taken just before going to bed.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	alcoholic	alcoholic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	milky	milky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
13	just	just	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  | bed |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to bed=Initial\_Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wee Willie Winkie ran through the town in his nightcap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:x1:1
# text = Wee Willie Winkie ran through the town in his nightcap.
1	Wee	wee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Willie	Willie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Winkie	Winkie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | Wee Willie |  |  | the town |  | in Willie's nightcap | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent through town=Initial\_Location in nightcap=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa had a cup of cocoa as a nightcap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:x2:1
# text = Grandpa had a cup of cocoa as a nightcap.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cocoa	cocoa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Grandpa | a cup of cocoa |  |  |  | as a nightcap | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old man pulled his nightcap over his ears.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:x3:1
# text = The old man pulled his nightcap over his ears.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past | the old man | man's nightcap |  | man's ears |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nightcap=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The guests stayed for a nightcap after dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:x4:1
# text = The guests stayed for a nightcap after dinner.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the guests |  |  |  | after dinner | for a nightcap | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the picture book the bear wears a striped nightcap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:x5:1
# text = In the picture book the bear wears a striped nightcap.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wears	wear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	striped	striped	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | the bear | a striped nightcap |  | the picture book |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent nightcap=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were in the nightcap still.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nightcap:x6:1
# text = They were in the nightcap still.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  | the nightcap | still |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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