---
title: nineteenth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nineteenth» in the school dictionary: Nineteenth tells the place number 19 in order, like the nineteenth runner to finish. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nineteenth

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Nineteenth, nineteenth century, we, She, map, He · **What happens:** tell, finish, be, call, live, spread · **To what, where:** place number, order, one, hundred years, 1800s, nineteenth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«nineteenth» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nineteenth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nineteenth.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nineteenth tells the place number 19 in order, like the nineteenth runner to finish.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:m1:1
# text = Nineteenth tells the place number 19 in order, like the nineteenth runner to finish.
1	Nineteenth	nineteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	19	19	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	runner	runner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Nineteenth | the place number |  | order |  | like the nineteenth runner | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent number=Recipient |
| 2 | **finish** | to-infinitive | Nineteenth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A nineteenth is one of nineteen equal parts of something (1/19).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:m2:1
# text = A nineteenth is one of nineteen equal parts of something (1/19).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nineteenth	nineteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	nineteen	nineteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	1/19	1/19	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a nineteenth | one |  |  |  | of nineteen equal parts of something | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«The nineteenth century» is the hundred years we call the 1800s.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:m3:1
# text = «The nineteenth century» is the hundred years we call the 1800s.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	1800s	1800	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the nineteenth century | the hundred years |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | present | we | the 1800s |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent 1800=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was the nineteenth in line.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x1:1
# text = She was the nineteenth in line.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	nineteenth	nineteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | She | the nineteenth |  | line |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the nineteenth page there is a map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x2:1
# text = On the nineteenth page there is a map.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a map |  |  | the nineteenth page; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on page=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He finished nineteenth in the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x3:1
# text = He finished nineteenth in the race.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past | He |  |  | the race |  | nineteenth *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They live on the nineteenth floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x4:1
# text = They live on the nineteenth floor.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | They |  |  | the nineteenth floor |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on floor=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steam trains spread in the nineteenth century.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x5:1
# text = Steam trains spread in the nineteenth century.
1	Steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spread	spread	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present | Steam trains |  |  |  | century |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each pupil got one nineteenth of the cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x6:1
# text = Each pupil got one nineteenth of the cake.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	nineteenth	nineteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | each pupil | one nineteenth of the cake |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nineteenth=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Today is her nineteenth birthday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x7:1
# text = Today is her nineteenth birthday.
1	Today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Today | her nineteenth birthday |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nineteenth question was the hardest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x8:1
# text = The nineteenth question was the hardest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hardest	hard	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the nineteenth question |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It has been preserved in no less than five versions (or six, including Macpherson's "Darthula") ranging from the twelfth to the nineteenth century.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nineteenth:x9:1
# text = It has been preserved in no less than five versions (or six, including Macpherson's "Darthula") ranging from the twelfth to the nineteenth century.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	no	no	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	9	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	versions	version	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	including	including	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	Macpherson	Macpherson	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Darthula	Darthula	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
22	ranging	range	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	twelfth	twelfth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preserve** | present · perfect · passive |  | It |  | five versions |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **range** | gerund |  |  |  | the twelfth | century |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from twelfth=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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