---
title: ninja — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ninja» in the school dictionary: A secret fighter or spy in old Japan, trained in fighting, sneaking and disguises. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ninja

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, ninja, I, Ninjas, You, cartoon · **What happens:** train, sneak, be, creep, get, solve · **To what, where:** something, rooftop, snack, real spies, old Japan, puzzle

<!-- .vabout -->
«ninja» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ninja in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ninja.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A secret fighter or spy in old Japan, trained in fighting, sneaking and disguises.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:m1:1
# text = A secret fighter or spy in old Japan, trained in fighting, sneaking and disguises.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	fighter	fighter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	trained	train	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	fighting	fighting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	sneaking	sneak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	disguises	disguise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sneak** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who is very skilled at something: «a spelling ninja».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:m2:1
# text = A person who is very skilled at something: «a spelling ninja».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	skilled	skilled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a person |  |  | something |  | skilled *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ninja crept silently across the rooftop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:x1:1
# text = The ninja crept silently across the rooftop.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crept	creep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	silently	silently	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rooftop	rooftop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **creep** | past | the ninja |  |  | the rooftop |  | silently *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across rooftop=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I sneaked downstairs like a ninja to get a snack.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:x2:1
# text = I sneaked downstairs like a ninja to get a snack.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sneaked	sneak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	downstairs	downstairs	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sneak** | past | I |  |  |  |  | like a ninja; downstairs *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | a snack |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer snack=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ninjas were real spies in old Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:x3:1
# text = Ninjas were real spies in old Japan.
1	Ninjas	ninja	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	spies	spy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Ninjas | real spies |  | old Japan |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You solved that puzzle so fast — you're a maths ninja!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:x4:1
# text = You solved that puzzle so fast — you're a maths ninja!
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	solved	solve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	maths	maths	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **solve** | past | You | that puzzle |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | present | you | a maths ninja |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cartoon about ninja turtles is very old but still popular.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:x5:1
# text = The cartoon about ninja turtles is very old but still popular.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the cartoon about ninja turtles |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the cartoon about ninja turtles *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother does ninja moves on the trampoline.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ninja:x6:1
# text = My brother does ninja moves on the trampoline.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trampoline	trampoline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | My brother |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | present | ninja |  |  | the trampoline |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on trampoline=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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