---
title: noisome — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «noisome» in the school dictionary: Having a very nasty smell: «a noisome swamp». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# noisome

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** noisome smell, prisoners, Flies, psalm, pond, We · **What happens:** have, come, lay, buzz, speak, become · **To what, where:** nasty smell, drain, noisome dungeon, noisome rubbish, noisome swamp, noses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«noisome» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [noisome in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/noisome.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literary — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having a very nasty smell: «a noisome swamp».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:m1:1
# text = Having a very nasty smell: «a noisome swamp».
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	nasty	nasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	swamp	swamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  | a nasty smell |  |  |  | a noisome swamp *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Harmful or very unpleasant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:m2:1
# text = Harmful or very unpleasant.
1	Harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A noisome smell came from the drain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x1:1
# text = A noisome smell came from the drain.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	drain	drain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a noisome smell |  |  | the drain |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from drain=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prisoners lay in a noisome dungeon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x2:1
# text = The prisoners lay in a noisome dungeon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prisoners	prisoner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | the prisoners |  |  | a noisome dungeon |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in dungeon=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flies buzzed over the noisome rubbish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x3:1
# text = Flies buzzed over the noisome rubbish.
1	Flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	buzzed	buzz	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buzz** | past | Flies |  |  | the noisome rubbish |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over rubbish=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The psalm speaks of the noisome pestilence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x4:1
# text = The psalm speaks of the noisome pestilence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	psalm	psalm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pestilence	pestilence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | the psalm |  |  |  |  | of the noisome pestilence | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pond had become a noisome swamp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x5:1
# text = The pond had become a noisome swamp.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	swamp	swamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past · perfect | the pond | a noisome swamp |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We held our noses near the noisome bins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x6:1
# text = We held our noses near the noisome bins.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	noses	nose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bins	bin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | We | our noses |  | the noisome bins |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent nose=Theme near bin=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"No," replied the sturdy lad, "the pigeon is for my seven blind mothers, who live in the noisome dungeon, and who would die if I did not bring them food."

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:noisome:x7:1
# text = "No," replied the sturdy lad, "the pigeon is for my seven blind mothers, who live in the noisome dungeon, and who would die if I did not bring them food."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
16	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
17	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	mothers	mother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	noisome	noisome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
29	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
31	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
33	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
35	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	advcl	_	_
36	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	obj	_	_
37	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the sturdy lad |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the pigeon |  |  |  |  | for my seven blind mothers | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** *in a quote* | present | my seven blind mothers |  |  | the noisome dungeon |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dungeon=Location |
| 4 | **die** *in a quote* | would |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **not** **bring** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | past · do-support | the sturdy lad *= lad* | mothers *= mother* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent they=Destination food=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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