---
title: nominative — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «nominative» in the school dictionary: The form of a noun or pronoun used for the subject of a sentence, the one doing the action. In English, "I, he, she, we, they" are nominative; "me, him, her, us, them" are not. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# nominative

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one, I, He, cat, we, Latin nouns · **What happens:** use, do, form, be, not be, sit · **To what, where:** pronoun, action, noun, nominative, English, nominative form · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«nominative» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [nominative in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/nominative.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The form of a noun or pronoun used for the subject of a sentence, the one doing the action. In English, "I, he, she, we, they" are nominative; "me, him, her, us, them" are not.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The form of a noun or pronoun used for the subject of a sentence, the one doing the action.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:m1:1
# text = The form of a noun or pronoun used for the subject of a sentence, the one doing the action.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	pronoun	pronoun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
18	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | pronoun *not said here* |  |  |  | for the subject of a sentence | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | gerund | the one *not said here* | the action |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent action=Eventuality |
| 3 | **form** |  |  | a noun or pronoun |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* In English, "I, he, she, we, they" are nominative; "me, him, her, us, them" are not.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:m1:2
# text = In English, "I, he, she, we, they" are nominative; "me, him, her, us, them" are not.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
29	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | I | nominative |  | English |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** | present | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"He" is the nominative form; "him" is not.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:x1:1
# text = "He" is the nominative form; "him" is not.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | He | the nominative form |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In "The cat sat", "the cat" is in the nominative case.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:x2:1
# text = In "The cat sat", "the cat" is in the nominative case.
1	In	in	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** *in a quote* | past | the cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the cat |  |  | the nominative case |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In German we learned the nominative and accusative cases.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:x3:1
# text = In German we learned the nominative and accusative cases.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	German	German	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	accusative	accusative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | we | the nominative and accusative cases |  | German |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nominative=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Latin nouns change their endings: "puella" is nominative.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:x4:1
# text = Latin nouns change their endings: "puella" is nominative.
1	Latin	Latin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	endings	ending	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	puella	puella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | Latin nouns | nouns's endings |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ending=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | puella nominative |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **end** |  | nouns *= noun* |  |  |  |  |  | nom ending «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the nominative "I" when you are the subject: "Tom and I won".

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:x5:1
# text = Use the nominative "I" when you are the subject: "Tom and I won".
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	conj	_	_
17	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the nominative |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent nominative=Theme clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | present | you | the subject |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **win** *in a quote* | past | Tom |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainian has seven cases, starting with the nominative.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:nominative:x6:1
# text = Ukrainian has seven cases, starting with the nominative.
1	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	starting	start	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	nominative	nominative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Ukrainian | seven cases |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Patient |
| 2 | **start** | gerund | Ukrainian *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the nominative | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with nominative=Subeventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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