---
title: norwegian — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «norwegian» in the school dictionary: From or to do with Norway, a country in northern Europe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# norwegian

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Norwegian fjords, pen pal, Many Norwegians, She, Norwegian flag, We · **What happens:** do, speak, be, love, ski, learn · **To what, where:** language, Norway, blue cross, South Pole, thick fur, honest old Norwegian graybeard · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«norwegian» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [norwegian in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/norwegian.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From or to do with Norway, a country in northern Europe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:m1:1
# text = From or to do with Norway, a country in northern Europe.
1	From	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Norway | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person from Norway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:m2:1
# text = A person from Norway.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The language spoken in Norway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:m3:1
# text = The language spoken in Norway.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Norway	Norway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the language *not said here* |  | Norway |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Norwegian fjords are long, deep sea inlets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x1:1
# text = Norwegian fjords are long, deep sea inlets.
1	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	fjords	fjord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	inlets	inlet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Norwegian fjords |  |  |  |  | deep sea inlets *obl*; long *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My pen pal is Norwegian.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x2:1
# text = My pen pal is Norwegian.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pal	pal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My pen pal |  |  |  |  | norwegian *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many Norwegians love skiing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x3:1
# text = Many Norwegians love skiing.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Norwegians	Norwegian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	skiing	ski	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | Many Norwegians |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **ski** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is learning to speak Norwegian.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x4:1
# text = She is learning to speak Norwegian.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | norwegian *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Norwegian flag has a blue cross.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x5:1
# text = The Norwegian flag has a blue cross.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Norwegian flag | a blue cross |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cross=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We read about a Norwegian explorer who reached the South Pole.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x6:1
# text = We read about a Norwegian explorer who reached the South Pole.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	explorer	explorer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Pole	Pole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | We |  |  |  |  | about a Norwegian explorer | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about explorer=Topic |
| 2 | **reach** | past | a Norwegian explorer | the South Pole |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent pole=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Norwegian forest cat has very thick fur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x7:1
# text = A Norwegian forest cat has very thick fur.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a Norwegian forest cat | thick fur |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old goblin is a true-hearted, honest, old Norwegian graybeard; cheerful and straightforward.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:norwegian:x8:1
# text = The old goblin is a true-hearted, honest, old Norwegian graybeard; cheerful and straightforward.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	goblin	goblin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
6	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	hearted	hearted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	Norwegian	Norwegian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	graybeard	graybeard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	appos	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the old goblin | a honest old Norwegian graybeard |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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