---
title: numerous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «numerous» in the school dictionary: Very many; a great number of: numerous mistakes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# numerous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, library, numerous birds, She, Numerous people, stars · **What happens:** make up, tell, tidy up, have, be, win · **To what, where:** numerous family, you, numerous books, numerous medals, fair, numerous mistakes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«numerous» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [numerous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/numerous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very many; a great number of: numerous mistakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:m1:1
# text = Very many; a great number of: numerous mistakes.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Made up of many people or things: a numerous family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:m2:1
# text = Made up of many people or things: a numerous family.
1	Made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl:agent	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make up** | participle |  | a numerous family |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have told you numerous times to tidy up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x1:1
# text = I have told you numerous times to tidy up.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	tidy	tidy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | I |  | you |  | time |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **tidy up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The library has numerous books about dinosaurs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x2:1
# text = The library has numerous books about dinosaurs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the library | numerous books |  |  |  | about dinosaurs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were numerous birds on the lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x3:1
# text = There were numerous birds on the lake.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | numerous birds on the lake |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has won numerous medals for swimming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x4:1
# text = She has won numerous medals for swimming.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	won	win	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	medals	medal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | present · perfect | She | numerous medals |  |  |  | for swimming | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent medal=Theme for swimming=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Numerous people came to the fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x5:1
# text = Numerous people came to the fair.
1	Numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Numerous people |  |  | the fair |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to fair=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stars are too numerous to count.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x6:1
# text = The stars are too numerous to count.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the stars |  |  |  |  | numerous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **count** | to-infinitive | the stars *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We found numerous mistakes in the story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x7:1
# text = We found numerous mistakes in the story.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | We | numerous mistakes |  | the story |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a Friday, so these were more numerous than usual.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:numerous:x8:1
# text = It was a Friday, so these were more numerous than usual.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Friday	Friday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
10	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a Friday |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | these |  |  |  |  | than usual; numerous *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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