---
title: obesity — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «obesity» in the school dictionary: The condition of having much more body fat than is healthy, which can lead to illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# obesity

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** condition, Eating, Exercise, doctor, Obesity, Schools · **What happens:** have, be, lead, eat, help, prevent · **To what, where:** more body fat, lots, obesity, news, childhood obesity, problems

<!-- .vabout -->
«obesity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [obesity in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/obesity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The condition of having much more body fat than is healthy, which can lead to illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:m1:1
# text = The condition of having much more body fat than is healthy, which can lead to illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	acl	_	_
5	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
7	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	illnesses	illness	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	20	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund | the condition *not said here* | more body fat |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the condition |  |  |  |  | healthy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lead** | can |  |  |  |  |  | to illnesses such diabetes and heart disease | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to illness=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A medical word for being very overweight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:m2:1
# text = A medical word for being very overweight.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	overweight	overweight	ADV	RB	_	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | overweight *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eating lots of sugary food can lead to obesity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:x1:1
# text = Eating lots of sugary food can lead to obesity.
1	Eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	sugary	sugary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | gerund |  | lots of sugary food |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |
| 2 | **lead** | can | Eating |  |  |  |  | to obesity | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to obesity=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exercise helps to prevent obesity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:x2:1
# text = Exercise helps to prevent obesity.
1	Exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	prevent	prevent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Exercise |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **prevent** | to-infinitive | Exercise *not said here* | obesity |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer obesity=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor talked about the health risks of obesity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:x3:1
# text = The doctor talked about the health risks of obesity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	risks	risk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  | about the health risks of obesity | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about risk=Topic |
| 2 | **risk** |  |  | obesity |  |  |  |  | nom risk «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news reported on childhood obesity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:x4:1
# text = The news reported on childhood obesity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	childhood	childhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | participle |  | the news *not said here* |  | childhood obesity |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Obesity can cause problems with the heart.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:x5:1
# text = Obesity can cause problems with the heart.
1	Obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | Obesity | problems |  |  |  | with the heart | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition problem=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Schools teach healthy eating to help reduce obesity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:obesity:x6:1
# text = Schools teach healthy eating to help reduce obesity.
1	Schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	teach	teach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
8	obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | Schools |  |  |  |  | healthy *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | Schools *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **help** | to-infinitive | Schools *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **reduce** | infinitive | Schools *not said here* | obesity |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer obesity=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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