---
title: official — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «official» in the school dictionary: Official means approved by people in charge, like a government, school or organisation. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# official

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Official, English, results, you, officials, prime minister · **What happens:** mean, approve, do, be, get, check · **To what, where:** person, official language, information, official website, official visit, puppy · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«official» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [official in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/official.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Official means approved by people in charge, like a government, school or organisation.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:m1:1
# text = Official means approved by people in charge, like a government, school or organisation.
1	Official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	approved	approve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	organisation	organisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Official |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **approve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Official also means done as part of a job or in a formal way.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:m2:1
# text = Official also means done as part of a job or in a formal way.
1	Official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Official |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | participle | Official *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as part of a job or a formal way | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An official is a person with an important job in an organisation, like a referee or a government worker.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:m3:1
# text = An official is a person with an important job in an organisation, like a referee or a government worker.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	official	official	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	organisation	organisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a official | a person and a referee or a government worker |  |  |  | with a important job in a organisation | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
English is an official language of Canada, along with French.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x1:1
# text = English is an official language of Canada, along with French.
1	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	along	along	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | English | a official language and French |  |  |  | of Canada | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The results are now official.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x2:1
# text = The results are now official.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
5	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the results |  |  |  | now | official *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Get information from the official website.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x3:1
# text = Get information from the official website.
1	Get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | imperative | you *not said here* | information |  | the official website |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent information=Theme from website=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The officials checked the race times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x4:1
# text = The officials checked the race times.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	officials	official	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | past | the officials |  |  |  | time |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prime minister made an official visit to Ireland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x5:1
# text = The prime minister made an official visit to Ireland.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	prime	prime	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	visit	visit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the prime minister | a official visit |  |  |  | to Ireland | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset visit=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's official: we're getting a puppy!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x6:1
# text = It's official: we're getting a puppy!
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | official *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present · progressive | we | a puppy |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer puppy=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask an official at the station for help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x7:1
# text = Ask an official at the station for help.
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	official	official	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* | a official |  | the station |  | for help | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent official=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ireland has two official languages, Irish and English.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x8:1
# text = Ireland has two official languages, Irish and English.
1	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Ireland | two official languages |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sultan's officials returned to the ship and showed the royal order to the captain.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:official:x9:1
# text = The Sultan's officials returned to the ship and showed the royal order to the captain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	officials	official	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | the Sultan's officials |  |  |  |  | to the ship *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to ship=Result |
| 2 | **show** | past | the Sultan's officials *not said here* | the royal order | the captain |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent order=Topic to captain=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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