---
title: officiate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «officiate» in the school dictionary: To officiate at a wedding, funeral or service is to lead it as a priest, minister or official. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# officiate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Father, Two referees, officiating priests · **What happens:** officiate, be, wear, crown · **To what, where:** wedding, match, referee, minister, funeral, basketball game

<!-- .vabout -->
«officiate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [officiate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/officiate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To officiate at a wedding, funeral or service is to lead it as a priest, minister or official.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:m1:1
# text = To officiate at a wedding, funeral or service is to lead it as a priest, minister or official.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	officiate	officiate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	lead	lead	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	official	official	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a wedding and funeral or service |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | as a priest or official; lead *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To officiate a match is to be the referee, umpire or judge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:m2:1
# text = To officiate a match is to be the referee, umpire or judge.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	officiate	officiate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | to-infinitive |  | a match |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the referee and umpire or judge |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The minister officiated at the funeral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x1:1
# text = The minister officiated at the funeral.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	officiated	officiate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | participle |  | the minister *not said here* |  | the funeral |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Father Michael will officiate at the wedding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x2:1
# text = Father Michael will officiate at the wedding.
1	Father	Father	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	Michael	Michael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	officiate	officiate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | future | Father |  |  | the wedding |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two referees officiated the basketball game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x3:1
# text = Two referees officiated the basketball game.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	referees	referee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	officiated	officiate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	basketball	basketball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | participle | Two referees *not said here* | the basketball game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A registrar officiated at the town hall wedding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x4:1
# text = A registrar officiated at the town hall wedding.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	registrar	registrar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	officiated	officiate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | participle |  | a registrar *not said here* |  | the hall wedding |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who is officiating today's match?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x5:1
# text = Who is officiating today's match?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	officiating	officiate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | present · progressive |  | today's match |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bishop officiated at the confirmation service.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x6:1
# text = The bishop officiated at the confirmation service.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bishop	bishop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	officiated	officiate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	confirmation	confirmation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | participle |  | the bishop *not said here* |  | the confirmation service |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The officiating priests wore black robes, and were crowned with cypress.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:officiate:x7:1
# text = The officiating priests wore black robes, and were crowned with cypress.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	officiating	officiate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	robes	robe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	crowned	crown	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	cypress	cypress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **officiate** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **wear** | past | the officiating priests | black robes |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent robe=Theme |
| 3 | **crown** | past · passive | the officiating priests *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with cypress | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: with cypress=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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