---
title: oil — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «oil» in the school dictionary: A thick, slippery liquid that does not mix with water, from plants or animals, used in cooking: olive oil. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# oil

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thick slippery liquid, machines, parts, Verb, Mum, Oil · **What happens:** not mix, use, make, put, help, move · **To what, where:** olive oil, plants, cooking, thick black liquid, petrol, Oil

<!-- .vabout -->
«oil» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [oil in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/oil.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thick, slippery liquid that does not mix with water, from plants or animals, used in cooking: olive oil.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:m1:1
# text = A thick, slippery liquid that does not mix with water, from plants or animals, used in cooking: olive oil.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	slippery	slippery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	mix	mix	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
22	olive	olive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mix** | present · do-support | a thick slippery liquid | olive oil |  |  |  | with water | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with water=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | plants or animals *not said here* |  | cooking |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thick black liquid from under the ground (crude oil, petroleum) made into petrol, diesel and plastic.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:m2:1
# text = A thick black liquid from under the ground (crude oil, petroleum) made into petrol, diesel and plastic.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	crude	crude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	petroleum	petroleum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	petrol	petrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a thick black liquid from the ground *not said here* |  | petrol and diesel and plastic |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into petrol=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oil put on machines to help parts move smoothly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:m3:1
# text = Oil put on machines to help parts move smoothly.
1	Oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:agent	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	smoothly	smoothly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | participle · passive | machines | Oil |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent subject=Goal |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | machines *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **move** | infinitive | parts |  |  |  |  | smoothly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oil paint used for pictures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:m4:1
# text = Oil paint used for pictures.
1	Oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | Oil paint *not said here* |  |  |  | for pictures | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Verb: to put oil on something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:m5:1
# text = Verb: to put oil on something.
1	Verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | to-infinitive | Verb | oil |  | something |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent oil=Theme on something=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum cooks with olive oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x1:1
# text = Mum cooks with olive oil.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cooks	cook	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	olive	olive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | present | Mum |  |  |  |  | with olive oil | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with oil=Instrument |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oil floats on top of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x2:1
# text = Oil floats on top of water.
1	Oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	floats	float	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | present | Oil |  |  | top of water |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hot oil can spit and burn you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x3:1
# text = Hot oil can spit and burn you.
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spit	spit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | can | Hot oil |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **burn** | infinitive | Hot oil *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never throw water on a pan of burning oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x4:1
# text = Never throw water on a pan of burning oil.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **throw** | imperative | you *not said here* | water |  | a pan of burning oil |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent water=Theme on pan=Destination |
| 2 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Petrol is made from oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x5:1
# text = Petrol is made from oil.
1	Petrol	petrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Petrol |  | oil |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from oil=Material |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The oil spill hurt the sea birds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x6:1
# text = The oil spill hurt the sea birds.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	spill	spill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | the oil spill | the sea birds |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad oiled my squeaky bike chain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x7:1
# text = Dad oiled my squeaky bike chain.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	oiled	oil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
4	squeaky	squeaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oil** | past | Dad | my squeaky bike chain |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent chain=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She painted the picture in oils.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oil:x8:1
# text = She painted the picture in oils.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	oils	oil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | She | the picture |  | oils |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent picture=Theme in oil=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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