---
title: oilbird — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «oilbird» in the school dictionary: A brown, night-flying bird of South America and Trinidad that lives in caves, eats fruit and finds its way in the dark by clicking, a bit like a bat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# oilbird

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Trinidad, brown flying bird, oilbird, Oilbirds, Thousands, Oilbird chicks · **What happens:** fly, live, eat, find, click, make · **To what, where:** caves, fruit, way, dark, bit, dark caves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«oilbird» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [oilbird in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/oilbird.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A brown, night-flying bird of South America and Trinidad that lives in caves, eats fruit and finds its way in the dark by clicking, a bit like a bat.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:m1:1
# text = A brown, night-flying bird of South America and Trinidad that lives in caves, eats fruit and finds its way in the dark by clicking, a bit like a bat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Trinidad	trinidad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
18	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
22	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
27	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	clicking	click	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	like	like	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	bat	bat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | present | Trinidad |  |  | caves |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location |
| 3 | **eat** | present | a brown flying bird of South America and Trinidad | fruit |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |
| 4 | **find** | present | a brown flying bird of South America and Trinidad *not said here* | bird's way |  | the dark |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |
| 5 | **click** | gerund | a brown flying bird of South America and Trinidad *not said here* | a bit like a bat |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The oilbird lives in dark caves in South America.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:x1:1
# text = The oilbird lives in dark caves in South America.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	oilbird	oilbird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | the oilbird |  |  | dark caves in South America |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oilbirds make clicking sounds to find their way, like bats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:x2:1
# text = Oilbirds make clicking sounds to find their way, like bats.
1	Oilbirds	oilbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	clicking	click	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Oilbirds | clicking sounds |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
| 2 | **click** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | Oilbirds *not said here* | Oilbirds's way |  |  |  | like bats | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oilbirds eat fruit, not insects.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:x3:1
# text = Oilbirds eat fruit, not insects.
1	Oilbirds	oilbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Oilbirds | fruit and insects |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thousands of oilbirds come out of the cave at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:x4:1
# text = Thousands of oilbirds come out of the cave at night.
1	Thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	oilbirds	oilbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | present | Thousands of oilbirds | the cave |  |  | night |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient cave=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oilbird chicks are very fat, which is how they got their name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:x5:1
# text = Oilbird chicks are very fat, which is how they got their name.
1	Oilbird	oilbird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	chicks	chick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	fat	fat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Oilbird chicks |  |  |  |  | fat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | how *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | past | chicks *= chick* | chicks's name |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer name=Stimulus |
| 4 | **name** |  | chicks *= chick* |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learnt that oilbirds and swiftlets can both echolocate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oilbird:x6:1
# text = We learnt that oilbirds and swiftlets can both echolocate.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learnt	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
4	oilbirds	oilbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	swiftlets	swiftlet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	both	both	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	echolocate	echolocate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **echolocate** | can | oilbirds and swiftlets |  |  |  |  | both *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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