---
title: olden — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «olden» in the school dictionary: Olden means belonging to the long-ago past; «in the olden days» means a long time ago. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/olden/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [O](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/) / olden

# olden

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Olden, olden days, people, Grandad, Children, We · **What happens:** mean, belong, wash, say, walk, dress up · **To what, where:** clothes, miles, school, house, Gran, times · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«olden» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [olden in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/olden.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Olden means belonging to the long-ago past; «in the olden days» means a long time ago.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:m1:1
# text = Olden means belonging to the long-ago past; «in the olden days» means a long time ago.
1	Olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	_
21	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Olden |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **belong** *not said to happen* | gerund | Olden *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the long past | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the olden days |  |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the olden days, people washed clothes by hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x1:1
# text = In the olden days, people washed clothes by hand.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	washed	wash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	7	obj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | past | people | clothes |  |  | day | by hand | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad says in the olden days there were only three TV channels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x2:1
# text = Grandad says in the olden days there were only three TV channels.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
11	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	channels	channel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Grandad |  |  |  | day |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children in olden times walked miles to school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x3:1
# text = Children in olden times walked miles to school.
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | Children in olden times | miles |  | school |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent mile=Theme to school=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We dressed up as children from the olden days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x4:1
# text = We dressed up as children from the olden days.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dressed	dress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dress up** | past | We |  |  |  | day | as children | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In olden days candles lit every house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x5:1
# text = In olden days candles lit every house.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	candles	candle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lit	lit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lit** | present | candles | every house |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Was that in the olden days, Gran?»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x6:1
# text = «Was that in the olden days, Gran?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | past |  | Gran |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The olden times were not like the times we live in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:olden:x7:1
# text = The olden times were not like the times we live in.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	like	like	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **like** | past |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **live in** | present | we | the times *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme time=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [old](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/old/)
- next →: [older](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/older/)
- ↑ back to [O in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/)