---
title: onward — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «onward» in the school dictionary: Onward means forward, going further on. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# onward

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** onward journey, she, book, ship, he, tickets · **What happens:** mean, go, be, save, have, sail · **To what, where:** next part, pictures, page, 5, two best friends, long way

<!-- .vabout -->
«onward» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [onward in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/onward.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Onward means forward, going further on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:m1:1
# text = Onward means forward, going further on.
1	Onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
6	further	further	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | forward, onward *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Onward means from a time and later: «from Monday onward».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:m2:1
# text = Onward means from a time and later: «from Monday onward».
1	Onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Monday	Monday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
12	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | time | onward *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An onward journey is the next part of a trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:m3:1
# text = An onward journey is the next part of a trip.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	onward	onward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a onward journey | the next part |  |  |  | of a trip | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From Monday onward she saves $2 a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x1:1
# text = From Monday onward she saves $2 a day.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Monday	Monday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saves	save	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	$	$	SYM	$	_	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | present | she |  |  |  | day; monday | onward *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent $=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From page 10 onward the book has pictures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x2:1
# text = From page 10 onward the book has pictures.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the book | pictures |  | page |  | onward *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ship sailed onward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x3:1
# text = The ship sailed onward.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | past | the ship |  |  |  |  | onward *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From then onward he ran every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x4:1
# text = From then onward he ran every day.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	_
3	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | he |  |  |  | day | onward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from then=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tickets are for children aged 5 onwards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x5:1
# text = The tickets are for children aged 5 onwards.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tickets	ticket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	aged	age	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl	_	_
7	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obj	_	_
8	onwards	onwards	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the tickets |  |  |  |  | for children | tree rules |
| 2 | **age** | participle | children *not said here* | 5 |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent 5=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a short rest, the explorers went onward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x6:1
# text = After a short rest, the explorers went onward.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the explorers |  |  |  | after a short rest | onward *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our onward train leaves in ten minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x7:1
# text = Our onward train leaves in ten minutes.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	onward	onward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | Our onward train |  |  |  | minute |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From that day onward, the two were best friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x8:1
# text = From that day onward, the two were best friends.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
4	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | two best friends |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So they sailed onwards a long way farther.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:onward:x9:1
# text = So they sailed onwards a long way farther.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	onwards	onwards	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	farther	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | past | they | a long way |  |  |  | far, onwards *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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