---
title: orang — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «orang» in the school dictionary: Short for orangutan, the large red-haired ape of Borneo and Sumatra. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# orang

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Orang, orangutan, Orangs, Malay words, zoo · **What happens:** mean, swing, build, come, have, be · **To what, where:** person, orang, branch, new nest, Malay words, two orangs

<!-- .vabout -->
«orang» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [orang in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/orang.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Short for orangutan, the large red-haired ape of Borneo and Sumatra.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:m1:1
# text = Short for orangutan, the large red-haired ape of Borneo and Sumatra.
1	Short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	orangutan	orangutan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
6	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	haired	haired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ape	ape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Borneo	Borneo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	Sumatra	Sumatra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Malay, Indonesian — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Orang» means «person» or «people»; orangutan means «person of the forest».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:m2:1
# text = «Orang» means «person» or «people»; orangutan means «person of the forest».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Orang	Orang	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	orangutan	orangutan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Orang | person or people |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic |
| 2 | **mean** | present | orangutan | person of the forest |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The orang swung from branch to branch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:x1:1
# text = The orang swung from branch to branch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	orang	orang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	swung	swing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | participle |  | the orang *not said here* |  | branch |  | to branch *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient from branch=Initial\_State to branch=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Orangs build a new nest of leaves every night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:x2:1
# text = Orangs build a new nest of leaves every night.
1	Orangs	orang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	build	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | Orangs | a new nest of leaves |  |  | night |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Orangutan» comes from Malay words meaning «person of the forest».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:x3:1
# text = «Orangutan» comes from Malay words meaning «person of the forest».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Orangutan	Orangutan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Malay	malay	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Orangutan |  |  | Malay words |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | Malay words *not said here* | person of the forest |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Malay, «orang» means person.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:x4:1
# text = In Malay, «orang» means person.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Malay	Malay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	orang	orang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | orang | person |  |  |  | in Malay | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot person=Theme in malay=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The zoo has two orangs and a baby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:x5:1
# text = The zoo has two orangs and a baby.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	orangs	orang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the zoo | two orangs and a baby |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent orang=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Orangs are in danger because their forests are being cut down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:orang:x6:1
# text = Orangs are in danger because their forests are being cut down.
1	Orangs	orang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Orangs |  |  | danger |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut down** | present · passive |  | Orangs's forests |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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