---
title: oration — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «oration» in the school dictionary: An oration is a formal speech, often given at a special ceremony such as a funeral. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# oration

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**Who acts:** oration, mayor, funeral oration, everyone · **What happens:** be, give, open, make, cry · **To what, where:** formal speech, special ceremony, oration, school, everyone

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«oration» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [oration in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/oration.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An oration is a formal speech, often given at a special ceremony such as a funeral.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oration:m1:1
# text = An oration is a formal speech, often given at a special ceremony such as a funeral.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	oration	oration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a oration | a formal speech |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  | a formal speech *not said here* |  | a special ceremony such a funeral |  | often *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent at ceremony=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mayor gave an oration at the school opening.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oration:x1:1
# text = The mayor gave an oration at the school opening.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	oration	oration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	opening	open	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the mayor | a oration |  | the school |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent oration=Theme at school=Asset |
| 2 | **open** | gerund | the mayor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her grandfather's funeral oration made everyone cry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oration:x2:1
# text = Her grandfather's funeral oration made everyone cry.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	oration	oration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	obj	_	_
8	cry	cry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Her grandfather's funeral oration | everyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | infinitive | everyone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speaker's oration was short and sincere.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:oration:x3:1
# text = The speaker's oration was short and sincere.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	oration	oration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sincere	sincere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the speaker's oration |  |  |  |  | short *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the speaker's oration *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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