---
title: outbreak — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «outbreak» in the school dictionary: An outbreak is the sudden start of something bad, such as a disease, a war or violence. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# outbreak

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** outbreak, you, Doctors, weather forecast, lice outbreaks, Many people · **What happens:** be, wash, stop, change, close, work · **To what, where:** sudden start, one place, hands, outbreak spreading, life, café

<!-- .vabout -->
«outbreak» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [outbreak in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/outbreak.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outbreak is the sudden start of something bad, such as a disease, a war or violence.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:m1:1
# text = An outbreak is the sudden start of something bad, such as a disease, a war or violence.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	_
9	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	14	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a outbreak | the sudden start and a war or violence |  |  |  | of something | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outbreak of a disease is when many people suddenly catch it in one place.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:m2:1
# text = An outbreak of a disease is when many people suddenly catch it in one place.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a outbreak of a disease |  |  | one place |  | catch, suddenly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was an outbreak of chickenpox at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x1:1
# text = There was an outbreak of chickenpox at school.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	chickenpox	chickenpox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a outbreak of chickenpox at school |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your hands to stop an outbreak spreading.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x2:1
# text = Wash your hands to stop an outbreak spreading.
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	spreading	spreading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a outbreak spreading |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality spreading=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The outbreak of war changed the family's life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x3:1
# text = The outbreak of war changed the family's life.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the outbreak of war | the family's life |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outbreak of food poisoning closed the café.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x4:1
# text = An outbreak of food poisoning closed the café.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	poisoning	poisoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | past | a outbreak of food poisoning | the café |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent café=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors worked hard during the outbreak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x5:1
# text = Doctors worked hard during the outbreak.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
4	during	during	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | past | Doctors |  |  |  | during the outbreak | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The weather forecast warned of an outbreak of thunderstorms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x6:1
# text = The weather forecast warned of an outbreak of thunderstorms.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	forecast	forecast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	thunderstorms	thunderstorm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the weather forecast |  |  |  |  | of a outbreak of thunderstorms | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent of outbreak=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Head lice outbreaks are common in schools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x7:1
# text = Head lice outbreaks are common in schools.
1	Head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	lice	lice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	outbreaks	outbreak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | lice outbreaks |  |  | schools |  | common *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many people stayed home during the flu outbreak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outbreak:x8:1
# text = Many people stayed home during the flu outbreak.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	flu	flu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	outbreak	outbreak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | Many people |  |  |  | during the flu outbreak | home *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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