---
title: outline — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «outline» in the school dictionary: An outline is a line that shows the shape or edge of something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# outline

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** outline, line, short plan, story, you, We · **What happens:** be, show, give, outline, point, draw · **To what, where:** line, shape, short plan, main points, something, plan

<!-- .vabout -->
«outline» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [outline in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/outline.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outline is a line that shows the shape or edge of something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:m1:1
# text = An outline is a line that shows the shape or edge of something.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a outline | a line |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | a line | the shape or edge of something |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent shape=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An outline is a short plan that gives the main points, not all the details.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:m2:1
# text = An outline is a short plan that gives the main points, not all the details.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
14	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	details	detail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a outline | a short plan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | present | a short plan | the main points |  |  |  | all details *obl* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To outline something is to draw its edge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:m3:1
# text = To outline something is to draw its edge.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	outline	outline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outline** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | draw *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To outline a plan or story is to explain its main points.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:m4:1
# text = To outline a plan or story is to explain its main points.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	outline	outline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	explain	explain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outline** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  | a plan or story |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | explain *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **point** |  | story |  |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw the outline of the leaf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x1:1
# text = Draw the outline of the leaf.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | the outline of the leaf |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outline=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw the outline of the hills in the dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x2:1
# text = We saw the outline of the hills in the dark.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | the outline of the hills |  | the dark |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer outline=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write an outline before your story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x3:1
# text = Write an outline before your story.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | a outline |  |  | before your story |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outline=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher outlined the plan for the trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x4:1
# text = The teacher outlined the plan for the trip.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	outlined	outline	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outline** *speech: other* | past | the teacher | the plan |  |  |  | for the trip | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trace the outline of your hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x5:1
# text = Trace the outline of your hand.
1	Trace	trace	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trace** | imperative | you *not said here* | the outline of your hand |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outline=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Here's a brief outline of the book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x6:1
# text = Here's a brief outline of the book.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	brief	brief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a brief outline of the book |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Again he gave me an outline for a sketch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outline:x7:1
# text = Again he gave me an outline for a sketch.
1	Again	again	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	outline	outline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sketch	sketch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | he | a outline | me |  | again | for a sketch | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent i=Recipient outline=Theme for sketch=Asset |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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