---
title: outshine — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «outshine» in the school dictionary: To outshine someone or something is to be much better or more impressive than them. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# outshine

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** new pupil, Venus, Cinderella, goalkeeper, you, full Moon · **What happens:** outshine, be, not try, enjoy, come, start · **To what, where:** someone, everyone, stars, stepsisters, ball, strikers

<!-- .vabout -->
«outshine» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [outshine in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/outshine.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To outshine someone or something is to be much better or more impressive than them.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:m1:1
# text = To outshine someone or something is to be much better or more impressive than them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	outshine	outshine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
9	much	much	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	acl:relcl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	impressive	impressive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot someone=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  | someone *not said here* |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | than them *= they* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To outshine is to shine more brightly than something else.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:m2:1
# text = To outshine is to shine more brightly than something else.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	outshine	outshine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	shine	shine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
7	brightly	brightly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
10	else	else	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | brightly, shine *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new pupil outshone everyone in the spelling bee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x1:1
# text = The new pupil outshone everyone in the spelling bee.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	outshone	outshine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | past | the new pupil | everyone |  |  |  | in the spelling bee | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot everyone=Theme in bee=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Venus outshines all the stars at dusk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x2:1
# text = Venus outshines all the stars at dusk.
1	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	outshines	outshine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dusk	dusk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | present | Venus | all stars |  |  | dusk |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot star=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cinderella outshone her stepsisters at the ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x3:1
# text = Cinderella outshone her stepsisters at the ball.
1	Cinderella	Cinderella	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	outshone	outshine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	stepsisters	stepsister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | past | Cinderella | Cinderella's stepsisters |  | the ball |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot stepsister=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The goalkeeper outshone the strikers in the final.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x4:1
# text = The goalkeeper outshone the strikers in the final.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goalkeeper	goalkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	outshone	outshine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	strikers	striker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	final	final	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | past | the goalkeeper | the strikers |  |  |  | in the final | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot striker=Theme in final=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't try to outshine your friends; enjoy their success too.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x5:1
# text = Don't try to outshine your friends; enjoy their success too.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	outshine	outshine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	enjoy	enjoy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	success	success	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	too	too	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **try** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **outshine** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | your friends |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot friend=Theme |
| 3 | **enjoy** | infinitive | you *not said here* | friends's success |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer success=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The full Moon outshone the faint stars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x6:1
# text = The full Moon outshone the faint stars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	outshone	outshine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outshine** | past | the full Moon | the faint stars |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot star=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When they came to the end of their journey, they started building of this castle which was to outshine all others.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:outshine:x7:1
# text = When they came to the end of their journey, they started building of this castle which was to outshine all others.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	outshine	outshine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl:relcl	_	_
21	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  |  | to the end of their journey |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to end=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **start** | past | they | building of this castle |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent building=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | past | this castle |  |  |  |  | outshine *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **journey** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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