---
title: overlapping — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «overlapping» in the school dictionary: Overlapping means covering part of something else, so two things lie partly over each other. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# overlapping

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** two things, Overlapping ideas, you, Roof tiles, rain, fish · **What happens:** overlap, mean, cover, lie, share, draw · **To what, where:** part, each, common, two overlapping circles, scales, both

<!-- .vabout -->
«overlapping» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [overlapping in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/overlapping.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overlapping means covering part of something else, so two things lie partly over each other.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:m1:1
# text = Overlapping means covering part of something else, so two things lie partly over each other.
1	Overlapping	overlap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nmod	_	_
7	else	else	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	12	obl	_	_
16	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overlap** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **cover** *not said to happen* | gerund |  | part of something |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme part=Destination |
| 4 | **lie** | present | two things |  |  | each |  | partly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over each=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overlapping ideas or times share some part in common.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:m2:1
# text = Overlapping ideas or times share some part in common.
1	Overlapping	overlap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	share	share	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overlap** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **share** | present | Overlapping ideas or times | some part |  | common |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw two overlapping circles for a Venn diagram.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:x1:1
# text = Draw two overlapping circles for a Venn diagram.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	overlapping	overlapping	ADJ	JJ	_	4	amod	_	_
4	circles	circle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Venn	Venn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	diagram	diagram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | two overlapping circles |  |  |  | for a Venn diagram | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent circle=Result for diagram=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roof tiles are overlapping so rain runs off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:x2:1
# text = Roof tiles are overlapping so rain runs off.
1	Roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	tiles	tile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	overlapping	overlap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overlap** | present · progressive | Roof tiles |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **run off** | present | rain |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fish has overlapping scales.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:x3:1
# text = The fish has overlapping scales.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	overlapping	overlap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	scales	scale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the fish |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **overlap** | gerund | the fish *not said here* | scales |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scale=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our clubs have overlapping times, so I can't do both.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:x4:1
# text = Our clubs have overlapping times, so I can't do both.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	clubs	club	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	overlapping	overlapping	ADJ	JJ	_	5	amod	_	_
5	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
12	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our clubs |  |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **do** | can | I | both |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent both=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The overlapping part shows numbers that are even and less than ten.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:x5:1
# text = The overlapping part shows numbers that are even and less than ten.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	overlapping	overlapping	ADJ	JJ	_	3	amod	_	_
3	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	12	advmod	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the overlapping part | numbers |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent number=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | that | ten |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leaves were overlapping in the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overlapping:x6:1
# text = The leaves were overlapping in the sun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	overlapping	overlap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overlap** | past · progressive | the leaves |  |  | the sun. |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [overlap](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/overlap/)
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