---
title: overnight — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «overnight» in the school dictionary: Overnight means during the night or for the whole night. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# overnight

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, you, It, everything, She, temperature · **What happens:** mean, describe, last, happen, stay, leave · **To what, where:** something, house, jelly, fridge, overnight bag, great piano player

<!-- .vabout -->
«overnight» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [overnight in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/overnight.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overnight means during the night or for the whole night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:m1:1
# text = Overnight means during the night or for the whole night.
1	Overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	during	during	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | night | overnight *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overnight means very quickly or suddenly, as if in one night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:m2:1
# text = Overnight means very quickly or suddenly, as if in one night.
1	Overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  | night | overnight, quickly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, overnight describes something that lasts for or happens during a night, like an overnight trip.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:m3:1
# text = As an adjective, overnight describes something that lasts for or happens during a night, like an overnight trip.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
13	during	during	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	overnight	overnight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present |  | something |  |  |  | as a adjective; overnight *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent something=Theme as adjective=Attribute |
| 2 | **last** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **happen** | present |  |  |  |  | night |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We stayed overnight at Grandma's house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x1:1
# text = We stayed overnight at Grandma's house.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | We |  |  | Grandma's house |  | overnight *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at house=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave the jelly in the fridge overnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x2:1
# text = Leave the jelly in the fridge overnight.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	jelly	jelly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fridge	fridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | the jelly |  | the fridge |  | overnight *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent jelly=Theme in fridge=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pack your overnight bag for the school camp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x3:1
# text = Pack your overnight bag for the school camp.
1	Pack	pack	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	overnight	overnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pack** | imperative | you *not said here* | your overnight bag |  |  |  | for the school camp | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bag=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It snowed overnight, and everything was white.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x4:1
# text = It snowed overnight, and everything was white.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	snowed	snow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **snow** | past | It |  |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **is** | past | everything |  |  |  |  | white *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She didn't become a great piano player overnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x5:1
# text = She didn't become a great piano player overnight.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	piano	piano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
9	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **become** | past · do-support | She | a great piano player |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The temperature dropped to zero overnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x6:1
# text = The temperature dropped to zero overnight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	zero	zero	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
6	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | past | the temperature |  |  | zero |  | overnight *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to zero=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soak the beans overnight before cooking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x7:1
# text = Soak the beans overnight before cooking.
1	Soak	soak	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	beans	bean	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	cooking	cook	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak** | imperative | you *not said here* | the beans |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bean=Theme |
| 2 | **cook** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mushrooms seemed to appear overnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x8:1
# text = The mushrooms seemed to appear overnight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	appear	appear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | the mushrooms |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **appear** | to-infinitive | the mushrooms *not said here* |  |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Don’t listen to those who promise you wealth overnight, my boy.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overnight:x9:1
# text = “Don’t listen to those who promise you wealth overnight, my boy.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n’t	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	listen	listen	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	promise	promise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	_
10	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **listen** *in a quote* | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | my boy |  |  |  | to those | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to that=Theme |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* *in a quote* | present |  | wealth | you |  |  | overnight *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent you=Goal wealth=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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