---
title: overwork — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «overwork» in the school dictionary: verb. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# overwork

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** phrase, someone, much work, doctor, you, horse · **What happens:** use, be, overwork, work, make, do · **To what, where:** word, someone, overwork, horse, rest, Factory children · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«overwork» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [overwork in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/overwork.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
verb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:m1:1
# text = verb.
1	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To work too hard or too long, or to make someone do so.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:m1e:1
# text = To work too hard or too long, or to make someone do so.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	work	work	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
noun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:m2:1
# text = noun.
1	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Too much work that makes someone tired or ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:m2e:1
# text = Too much work that makes someone tired or ill.
1	Too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | much work | someone |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: overworked, adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tired from too much work; also a word or phrase that is used so often it is boring ("an overworked word").

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:m3:1
# text = Tired from too much work; also a word or phrase that is used so often it is boring ("an overworked word").
1	Tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	boring	boring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	advcl	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	overworked	overwork	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	amod	_	_
24	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | a word or phrase |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | phrase |  |  |  |  | boring, often *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **overwork** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor said she was ill from overwork.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x1:1
# text = The doctor said she was ill from overwork.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	overwork	overwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | doctor |  |  | overwork |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't overwork the horse; it needs a rest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x2:1
# text = Don't overwork the horse; it needs a rest.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	overwork	overwork	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **overwork** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the horse |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **need** | present | horse | a rest |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot rest=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Factory children in the 1800s were badly overworked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x3:1
# text = Factory children in the 1800s were badly overworked.
1	Factory	factory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	1800s	1800	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
8	overworked	overwork	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | past · passive |  | Factory children in the 1800s |  |  |  | badly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Nice" is an overworked word; try "kind" or "lovely".

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x4:1
# text = "Nice" is an overworked word; try "kind" or "lovely".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Nice	nice	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	overworked	overworked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a Nice overworked word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **try** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | kind *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad overworks before holidays and then falls asleep on the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x5:1
# text = Dad overworks before holidays and then falls asleep on the beach.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	overworks	overwork	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | Dad overworks before holidays |  |  | the beach | then | asleep *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on beach=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overworking your muscles can cause injury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x6:1
# text = Overworking your muscles can cause injury.
1	Overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | gerund |  | your muscles |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | can | Overworking | injury |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition injury=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am so overworked, and I don’t see why I should not have a page as well as other ladies.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overwork:x7:1
# text = I am so overworked, and I don’t see why I should not have a page as well as other ladies.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	overworked	overworked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n’t	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADV	15	advmod	_	_
19	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	18	fixed	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	ladies	lady	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | overworked *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **see** | present · do-support | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **have** | should | I | a page |  |  |  | as other ladies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [overwhelming](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/O/overwhelming/)
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