---
title: overworking — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «overworking» in the school dictionary: Overworking is working too hard or too long. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# overworking

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**Who acts:** Overworking, them, Dad, you, Many nurses · **What happens:** overwork, work, make, need, stop, take · **To what, where:** someone, them, rest, you, brain, break

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«overworking» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [overworking in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/overworking.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overworking is working too hard or too long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:m1:1
# text = Overworking is working too hard or too long.
1	Overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overworking someone or something is making them work too much.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:m2:1
# text = Overworking someone or something is making them work too much.
1	Overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	conj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	too	too	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	much	much	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · progressive | Overworking | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **work** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad has been overworking and needs a rest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:x1:1
# text = Dad has been overworking and needs a rest.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux	_	_
4	overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | present · perfect · progressive | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **need** | present | Dad *not said here* | a rest |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot rest=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overworking can make you ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:x2:1
# text = Overworking can make you ill.
1	Overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | can |  | you |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop overworking your brain; take a break.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:x3:1
# text = Stop overworking your brain; take a break.
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **overwork** | gerund | you *not said here* | your brain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **take** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a break |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent break=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer was accused of overworking his horses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:x4:1
# text = The farmer was accused of overworking his horses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	accused	accuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accuse** | past · passive |  | the farmer |  |  |  |  | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **overwork** | gerund |  | farmer's horses |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overworking the dough makes the bread tough.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:x5:1
# text = Overworking the dough makes the bread tough.
1	Overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	tough	tough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | gerund |  | the dough |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | Overworking | the bread |  |  |  | tough *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bread=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many nurses are overworking this winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:overworking:x6:1
# text = Many nurses are overworking this winter.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	nurses	nurse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	overworking	overwork	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overwork** | present · progressive | Many nurses |  |  |  | winter |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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