---
title: ox — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ox» in the school dictionary: An ox is a big strong farm animal like a bull, used to pull carts and ploughs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ox

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ox, strong, farmer, Two oxen, many legs, 3 oxen · **What happens:** be, use, pull, mean, have, eat · **To what, where:** big strong farm animal, carts, 4 oxen, 20 pounds, cart, kind

<!-- .vabout -->
«ox» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ox in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ox.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An ox is a big strong farm animal like a bull, used to pull carts and ploughs.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:m1:1
# text = An ox is a big strong farm animal like a bull, used to pull carts and ploughs.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
16	carts	cart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	ploughs	plough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ox | a big strong farm animal |  |  |  | like a bull | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pull** | to-infinitive |  | carts and ploughs |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«As strong as an ox» means very strong.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:m2:1
# text = «As strong as an ox» means very strong.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	As	as	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | strong |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer has 4 oxen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x1:1
# text = The farmer has 4 oxen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the farmer | 4 oxen |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ox=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An ox eats 20 pounds of hay a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x2:1
# text = An ox eats 20 pounds of hay a day.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hay	hay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | a ox | 20 pounds of hay |  |  | day |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pound=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two oxen pull the cart.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x3:1
# text = Two oxen pull the cart.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pull	pull	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | present | Two oxen | the cart |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many legs do 3 oxen have?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x4:1
# text = How many legs do 3 oxen have?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | many legs |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | 3 oxen |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An ox is a kind of cattle trained to work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x5:1
# text = An ox is a kind of cattle trained to work.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	trained	train	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ox | a kind |  |  |  | of cattle | tree rules |
| 2 | **train** | participle |  | cattle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **work** | to-infinitive | cattle *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pioneers' wagon was pulled by an ox.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x6:1
# text = The pioneers' wagon was pulled by an ox.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pioneers	pioneer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	wagon	wagon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	pulled	pull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past · passive | a ox | the pioneers's wagon |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is as strong as an ox.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x7:1
# text = He is as strong as an ox.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	as	as	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | as a ox; strong *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ox walked slowly along the furrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x8:1
# text = The ox walked slowly along the furrow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	along	along	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	furrow	furrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | the ox |  |  | the furrow |  | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along furrow=Trajectory |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So on he went with his ox.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ox:x9:1
# text = So on he went with his ox.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | he |  |  |  |  | with his ox | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with ox=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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