---
title: pail — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pail» in the school dictionary: A pail is a bucket: a round container with a handle for carrying water, milk or sand. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pail

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pail, handle, Jack, farmer, We, you · **What happens:** be, carry, go, fetch, fill, take · **To what, where:** bucket, water, pail, beach, 5 litres, trough

<!-- .vabout -->
«pail» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pail in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pail.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pail is a bucket: a round container with a handle for carrying water, milk or sand.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:m1:1
# text = A pail is a bucket: a round container with a handle for carrying water, milk or sand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	container	container	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pail | a bucket |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | gerund | a handle *not said here* | water |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jack and Jill went to fetch a pail of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x1:1
# text = Jack and Jill went to fetch a pail of water.
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Jill	Jill	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fetch	fetch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Jack and Jill |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **fetch** | to-infinitive | Jack and Jill *not said here* | a pail of water |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pail=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer filled the pail with milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x2:1
# text = The farmer filled the pail with milk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | the farmer | the pail |  |  |  | with milk | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent pail=Patient with milk=Instrument |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We took a pail and shovel to the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x3:1
# text = We took a pail and shovel to the beach.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	shovel	shovel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | We | a pail and shovel |  | the beach |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pail=Theme to beach=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each pail holds 5 litres of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x4:1
# text = Each pail holds 5 litres of water.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | each pail | 5 litres of water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pail was full of shells.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x5:1
# text = The pail was full of shells.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the pail |  |  |  |  | of shells; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carry the pail carefully so it doesn't spill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x6:1
# text = Carry the pail carefully so it doesn't spill.
1	Carry	carry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	spill	spill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pail |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pail=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **spill** | present · do-support | pail |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She emptied the pail into the trough.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x7:1
# text = She emptied the pail into the trough.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	emptied	empty	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trough	trough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **empty** | past | She | the pail |  | the trough |  |  | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination»: agent=Agent pail=Theme into trough=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pail of sand was kept near the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x8:1
# text = A pail of sand was kept near the fire.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	near	near	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past · passive |  | a pail of sand |  | the fire |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme near fire=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He found a pail that was quite full.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pail:x9:1
# text = He found a pail that was quite full.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pail	pail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | He | a pail |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pail=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | past | a pail |  |  |  |  | full *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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