---
title: painting — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «painting» in the school dictionary: A painting is a picture made with paint. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/painting/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [P](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/) / painting

# painting

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** painting, job, He, museum, She, favourite painting · **What happens:** be, make, paint, have, sell, take · **To what, where:** picture, art, pictures, ing form, fence, 40 paintings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«painting» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [painting in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/painting.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A painting is a picture made with paint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:m1:1
# text = A painting is a picture made with paint.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a painting | a picture |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a picture *not said here* |  |  |  | with paint | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Painting is the art or job of making pictures with paint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:m2:1
# text = Painting is the art or job of making pictures with paint.
1	Painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Painting | the art or job |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | job *not said here* | pictures |  |  |  | with paint | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset picture=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Painting is the -ing form of paint: «He is painting the fence».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:m3:1
# text = Painting is the -ing form of paint: «He is painting the fence».
1	Painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	ing	ing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	painting	paint	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	parataxis	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Painting | the ing form |  |  |  | of paint | tree rules |
| 2 | **paint** *in a quote* | present · progressive | He | the fence |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent fence=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum has 40 paintings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x1:1
# text = The museum has 40 paintings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the museum | 40 paintings |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent painting=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sold 3 paintings for 25 dollars each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x2:1
# text = She sold 3 paintings for 25 dollars each.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | She | 3 paintings |  |  |  | for 25 dollars | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent painting=Recipient each=Theme for dollar=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is painting the fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x3:1
# text = He is painting the fence.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	painting	paint	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present · progressive | He | the fence |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent fence=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each painting takes 2 hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x4:1
# text = Each painting takes 2 hours.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | each painting |  |  |  | hour |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My favourite painting shows sunflowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x5:1
# text = My favourite painting shows sunflowers.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	sunflowers	sunflower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | My favourite painting | sunflowers |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sunflower=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Painting is her favourite hobby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x6:1
# text = Painting is her favourite hobby.
1	Painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	hobby	hobby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Painting | her favourite hobby |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The paintings hang on the gallery walls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x7:1
# text = The paintings hang on the gallery walls.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hang	hang	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	gallery	gallery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | present | the paintings |  |  | the gallery walls |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on wall=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Face painting costs one dollar at the fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x8:1
# text = Face painting costs one dollar at the fair.
1	Face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Face painting | one dollar |  | the fair |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Inside, in the hall, valuable oil paintings were hanging on the walls.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:painting:x9:1
# text = Inside, in the hall, valuable oil paintings were hanging on the walls.
1	Inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	valuable	valuable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | past · progressive | valuable oil paintings |  |  | the hall |  | on the walls; inside *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in hall=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [painter](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/painter/)
- next →: [pair](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/pair/)
- ↑ back to [P in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/)