---
title: pall — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pall» in the school dictionary: A pall is a dark cloth or covering spread over something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pall

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**Who acts:** pall, that, sad pall · **What happens:** be, spread, collect, pall, hang, fall · **To what, where:** dark cloth, something, dark feeling, things, robins, leaves

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«pall» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pall in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pall.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pall is a dark cloth or covering spread over something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pall:m1:1
# text = A pall is a dark cloth or covering spread over something.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pall	pall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pall | a dark cloth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund · passive | a pall *not said here* |  |  | something |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: over something=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pall is a dark feeling of gloom or sadness that spreads over things.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pall:m2:1
# text = A pall is a dark feeling of gloom or sadness that spreads over things.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pall	pall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	spreads	spread	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pall | a dark feeling |  |  |  | of gloom or sadness | tree rules |
| 2 | **spread** | present | that |  |  | things |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over thing=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The robins had collected a pall of leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pall:x1:1
# text = The robins had collected a pall of leaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	robins	robin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	collected	collect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pall	pall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | past · perfect · passive |  | the robins |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pall** |  |  | leaves |  |  |  |  | nom pall «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pall of smoke hung over the town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pall:x2:1
# text = A pall of smoke hung over the town.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pall	pall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | participle · passive |  | a pall of smoke |  | the town |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme over town=Destination |
| 2 | **pall** |  |  | smoke |  |  |  |  | nom pall «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sad pall fell over the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pall:x3:1
# text = A sad pall fell over the house.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pall	pall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | a sad pall |  |  | the house |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over house=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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