---
title: palpitation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «palpitation» in the school dictionary: A feeling that your heart is beating very fast, very hard or unevenly. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# palpitation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** feeling, Palpitations, You, much coffee, She, doctor · **What happens:** beat, mean, give, feel, go, check · **To what, where:** strong nervous excitement, palpitations, me, Mum palpitations, stage, heart · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«palpitation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [palpitation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/palpitation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feeling that your heart is beating very fast, very hard or unevenly.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:m1:1
# text = A feeling that your heart is beating very fast, very hard or unevenly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	beating	beat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	unevenly	unevenly	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | present · progressive | a feeling  your heart |  |  |  |  | fast, hard *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, joking — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Palpitations" can mean strong nervous excitement or shock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:m2:1
# text = "Palpitations" can mean strong nervous excitement or shock.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	nervous	nervous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Palpitations | strong nervous excitement or shock |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent excitement=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"You nearly gave me palpitations!"

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:m2e:1
# text = "You nearly gave me palpitations!"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *in a quote* | past | You | palpitations | me |  |  | nearly *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient palpitation=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Too much coffee gave Mum palpitations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x1:1
# text = Too much coffee gave Mum palpitations.
1	Too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | much coffee | Mum palpitations |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent palpitation=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She felt palpitations before going on stage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x2:1
# text = She felt palpitations before going on stage.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	stage	stage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | She | palpitations |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent palpitation=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  | stage |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on stage=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor checked his heart because of the palpitations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x3:1
# text = The doctor checked his heart because of the palpitations.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | past | the doctor | doctor's heart |  |  |  | because the palpitations | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Don't jump out at me! You'll give me palpitations!" said Gran.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* "Don't jump out at me!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x4:1
# text = "Don't jump out at me!
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	jump	jump	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **jump out** *in a quote* | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at me; out *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at i=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You'll give me palpitations!" said Gran.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x4:2
# text = You'll give me palpitations!" said Gran.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | future | You | palpitations | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient palpitation=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Gran |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Palpitations after running usually settle when you rest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x5:1
# text = Palpitations after running usually settle when you rest.
1	Palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
3	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	settle	settle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	rest	rest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund | Palpitations *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **settle** | present | Palpitations |  |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **rest** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The scary film gave me palpitations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:palpitation:x6:1
# text = The scary film gave me palpitations.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	scary	scary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	palpitations	palpitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the scary film | palpitations | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient palpitation=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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