---
title: pantomime — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pantomime» in the school dictionary: A funny family play, usually at Christmas, based on a fairy tale, with songs, jokes, a man dressed as a woman (the Dame), and the audience shouting back. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pantomime

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** audience, meeting, We, Christmas, Dame, pantomime · **What happens:** base, dress, shout back, tell, be, go · **To what, where:** fairy tale, man, funny family play, story, pantomime, Christmas · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pantomime» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pantomime in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pantomime.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, Ireland, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A funny family play, usually at Christmas, based on a fairy tale, with songs, jokes, a man dressed as a woman (the Dame), and the audience shouting back.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:m1:1
# text = A funny family play, usually at Christmas, based on a fairy tale, with songs, jokes, a man dressed as a woman (the Dame), and the audience shouting back.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	case	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
23	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl	_	_
24	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Dame	Dame	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	shouting	shout	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
36	back	back	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **base** | participle |  |  |  | a fairy tale |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on tale=Source |
| 2 | **dress** | participle |  | a man *not said here* |  |  |  | as a woman | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **shout back** *speech: express* | gerund | the audience | a funny family play at Christmas base songs and jokes and a man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent play=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Telling a story with movements and faces but no words; mime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:m2:1
# text = Telling a story with movements and faces but no words; mime.
1	Telling	tell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	movements	movement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	mime	mime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | a story |  |  |  | with movements and faces but no words; mime *obl* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A silly, over-the-top situation: «The meeting was a pantomime.».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:m3:1
# text = A silly, over-the-top situation: «The meeting was a pantomime.».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	over-the-top	over-the-top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pantomime	pantomime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the meeting | a pantomime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went to the pantomime at Christmas and shouted «He's behind you!»

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x1:1
# text = We went to the pantomime at Christmas and shouted «He's behind you!»
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pantomime	pantomime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  | Christmas |  | to the pantomime | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to pantomime=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Christmas |  |  |  |  | behind you | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Dame in the panto wore a huge pink wig.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x2:1
# text = The Dame in the panto wore a huge pink wig.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dame	Dame	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	panto	panto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	pink	pink	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	wig	wig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the Dame in the panto | a huge pink wig |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wig=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This year's pantomime is Cinderella.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x3:1
# text = This year's pantomime is Cinderella.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	pantomime	pantomime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	Cinderella	Cinderella	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this year's pantomime | Cinderella |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pantomime** |  | this year |  |  |  |  |  | nom pantomime «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In drama we did a pantomime of making a sandwich, without speaking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x4:1
# text = In drama we did a pantomime of making a sandwich, without speaking.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	drama	drama	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pantomime	pantomime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | we | a pantomime |  | drama |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pantomime=Eventuality |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | a pantomime *not said here* | a sandwich |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sandwich=Product |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Oh no it isn't!» «Oh yes it is!» shouted the audience.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Oh no it isn't!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x5:1
# text = «Oh no it isn't!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
3	no	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	2	discourse	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **be** *in a quote* | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Oh yes it is!» shouted the audience.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x5:2
# text = «Oh yes it is!» shouted the audience.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
3	yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	2	discourse	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** *in a quote* | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | the audience |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad called the traffic jam a complete pantomime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x6:1
# text = Dad called the traffic jam a complete pantomime.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	jam	jam	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pantomime	pantomime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** *speech: assert* | past | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **jam** | present | the traffic | a complete pantomime |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme pantomime=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My school puts on a panto every December.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pantomime:x7:1
# text = My school puts on a panto every December.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	puts	put	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	panto	panto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present | My school |  |  | a panto | december |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on panto=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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