---
title: paperwork — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «paperwork» in the school dictionary: Forms, letters, reports and other papers that must be filled in or kept, especially for school, work or the government. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/paperwork/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [P](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/) / paperwork

# paperwork

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** boring work, writing, Dad, You, vet, Mrs · **What happens:** fill in, keep, sort, see, get, work · **To what, where:** other papers, such papers, way, paperwork, us, mountain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«paperwork» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [paperwork in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/paperwork.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forms, letters, reports and other papers that must be filled in or kept, especially for school, work or the government.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:m1:1
# text = Forms, letters, reports and other papers that must be filled in or kept, especially for school, work or the government.
1	Forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	reports	report	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	papers	paper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill in** | must · passive |  | other papers |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **keep** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | for school and work or the government | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boring work of writing, filling in and sorting such papers, often seen as getting in the way of real work.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:m2:1
# text = The boring work of writing, filling in and sorting such papers, often seen as getting in the way of real work.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	boring	boring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	filling	fill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	sorting	sort	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	conj	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	papers	paper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill in** | gerund | the boring work of writing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **sort** | gerund | the boring work of writing *not said here* | such papers |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | participle |  | such papers *not said here* |  |  |  | often *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **get** | gerund |  |  |  | the way of real work |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **work** |  | writing |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any official record, even on a computer, such as online forms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:m3:1
# text = Any official record, even on a computer, such as online forms.
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	online	online	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad stayed up late doing the paperwork for our new car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x1:1
# text = Dad stayed up late doing the paperwork for our new car.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
5	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay up** | past | Dad |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **do** | gerund | Dad *not said here* | the paperwork |  |  |  | for our new car | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paperwork=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You must hand in the paperwork before the school trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x2:1
# text = You must hand in the paperwork before the school trip.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hand	hand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hand** | must | You |  |  | the paperwork | before the school trip |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vet asked us to fill in some paperwork about our dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x3:1
# text = The vet asked us to fill in some paperwork about our dog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vet	vet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the vet |  | us |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **fill in** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the vet *not said here* | some paperwork |  |  |  | about our dog | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paperwork=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mrs Lee had a mountain of paperwork on her desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x4:1
# text = Mrs Lee had a mountain of paperwork on her desk.
1	Mrs	Mrs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Lee	Lee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Mrs | a mountain of paperwork on Mrs's desk |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mountain=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police officer said the paperwork would take an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x5:1
# text = The police officer said the paperwork would take an hour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	officer	officer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the police officer |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **take** | would | the paperwork |  |  |  | hour |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each form in the paperwork had 4 pages, and there were 12 forms.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x6:1
# text = Each form in the paperwork had 4 pages, and there were 12 forms.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	12	expl	_	_
12	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | each form in the paperwork | 4 pages |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Patient |
| 2 | **be** | past | 12 forms |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moving house means lots of paperwork.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x7:1
# text = Moving house means lots of paperwork.
1	Moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund |  | house |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent house=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Moving | lots of paperwork |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Ugh, more paperwork," groaned the coach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paperwork:x8:1
# text = "Ugh, more paperwork," groaned the coach.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ugh	ugh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	paperwork	paperwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	groaned	groan	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **groan** | past | more paperwork | the coach |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coach=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [papermaking](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/papermaking/)
- next →: [papoose](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/papoose/)
- ↑ back to [P in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/)