---
title: paralympics — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «paralympics» in the school dictionary: A big international sports competition for athletes with disabilities, such as athletes who are blind, use wheelchairs or have lost limbs, held after the Olympic Games every four years. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# paralympics

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** athletes, Paralympics, She, Wheelchair rugby, We, hero · **What happens:** be, use, lose, hold, take, win · **To what, where:** wheelchairs, place, same city, gold medal, Paralympics, one

<!-- .vabout -->
«paralympics» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [paralympics in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/paralympics.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A big international sports competition for athletes with disabilities, such as athletes who are blind, use wheelchairs or have lost limbs, held after the Olympic Games every four years.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:m1:1
# text = A big international sports competition for athletes with disabilities, such as athletes who are blind, use wheelchairs or have lost limbs, held after the Olympic Games every four years.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	international	international	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	competition	competition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	athletes	athlete	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	disabilities	disability	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	athletes	athlete	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
19	wheelchairs	wheelchair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	amod	_	_
23	limbs	limb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	advcl	_	_
26	after	after	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	Olympic	Olympic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	Games	Game	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
30	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	32	det	_	_
31	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
32	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | athletes |  |  |  |  | blind *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | infinitive |  | wheelchairs or lost limbs |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheelchair=Patient |
| 3 | **lose** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **hold** | participle |  |  |  |  | after the Olympic Games; year |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Paralympics take place in the same city as the Olympics.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:x1:1
# text = The Paralympics take place in the same city as the Olympics.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Paralympics	paralympic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Olympics	Olympic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the Paralympics | place |  | the same city |  | as the Olympics | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent place=Theme as olympic=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won a gold medal at the Paralympics in swimming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:x2:1
# text = She won a gold medal at the Paralympics in swimming.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Paralympics	Paralympic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | a gold medal |  | the Paralympics |  | in swimming | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent medal=Theme at paralympic=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wheelchair rugby is one of the fastest Paralympic sports.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:x3:1
# text = Wheelchair rugby is one of the fastest Paralympic sports.
1	Wheelchair	wheelchair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	rugby	rugby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	fastest	fast	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
8	Paralympic	Paralympic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wheelchair rugby | one |  |  |  | of the fastest Paralympic sports | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched the Paralympics on TV at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:x4:1
# text = We watched the Paralympics on TV at school.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Paralympics	Paralympic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We | the Paralympics |  | TV |  | at school | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paralympic=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Paralympics began from games for injured soldiers in England.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:x5:1
# text = The Paralympics began from games for injured soldiers in England.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Paralympics	Paralympic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	injured	injured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the Paralympics |  |  | games for injured soldiers in England |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My hero is a Paralympian who runs with a blade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paralympics:x6:1
# text = My hero is a Paralympian who runs with a blade.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Paralympian	Paralympian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My hero | a Paralympian |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | present | a Paralympian |  |  |  |  | with a blade | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with blade=Material |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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