---
title: paraphrase — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «paraphrase» in the school dictionary: To paraphrase is to say or write the same thing again in other words. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/paraphrase/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [P](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/) / paraphrase

# paraphrase

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** paraphrase, new sentence, you, She, Paraphrase paragraph, author · **What happens:** paraphrase, be, write, say, solve, copy · **To what, where:** same thing, other words, new sentence, different words, problem, question · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«paraphrase» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [paraphrase in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/paraphrase.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To paraphrase is to say or write the same thing again in other words.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:m1:1
# text = To paraphrase is to say or write the same thing again in other words.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	paraphrase	paraphrase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paraphrase** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  |  |  |  |  | say *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **write** | infinitive |  | the same thing |  | other words | again |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme in word=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A paraphrase is the new sentence that says the same thing in different words.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:m2:1
# text = A paraphrase is the new sentence that says the same thing in different words.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	paraphrase	paraphrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a paraphrase | the new sentence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the new sentence | the same thing |  | different words |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent thing=Theme in word=Manner |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paraphrase the problem before you solve it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x1:1
# text = Paraphrase the problem before you solve it.
1	Paraphrase	paraphrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	solve	solve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **solve** | present | you | problem |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She paraphrased the question.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x2:1
# text = She paraphrased the question.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paraphrased	paraphrase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paraphrase** | past | She | the question |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write a paraphrase of the story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x3:1
# text = Write a paraphrase of the story.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	paraphrase	paraphrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | a paraphrase of the story |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paraphrase=Theme |
| 2 | **paraphrase** |  |  | the story |  |  |  |  | nom paraphrase «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paraphrase the paragraph without copying the author's words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x4:1
# text = Paraphrase the paragraph without copying the author's words.
1	Paraphrase	paraphrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	paragraph	paragraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	copying	copy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	acl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | gerund | the Paraphrase paragraph *not said here* | the author's words |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 2 | **word** |  | the author |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To paraphrase my teacher: «Check your work twice».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x5:1
# text = To paraphrase my teacher: «Check your work twice».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	paraphrase	paraphrase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paraphrase** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | my teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **check** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | your work |  |  |  | twice *property* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 3 | **work** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His paraphrase kept all the facts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x6:1
# text = His paraphrase kept all the facts.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	paraphrase	paraphrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | His paraphrase | all facts |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Theme |
| 2 | **paraphrase** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom paraphrase «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you paraphrase what your partner said?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x7:1
# text = Can you paraphrase what your partner said?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	paraphrase	paraphrase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	partner	partner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paraphrase** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Source.--I have paraphrased the well-known poem of Hon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paraphrase:x8:1
# text = Source.--I have paraphrased the well-known poem of Hon.
1	Source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	paraphrased	paraphrase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Hon	Hon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paraphrase** | present · perfect | I | Source |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [parapet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/parapet/)
- next →: [parasite](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/parasite/)
- ↑ back to [P in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/)