---
title: parish — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «parish» in the school dictionary: A parish is an area that has its own church and priest or vicar, and the people who live there. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# parish

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** parish, area, people, own local council, parish church, parish priest · **What happens:** be, have, live, call, mean, belong · **To what, where:** area, own church, small area, parish council, people, oldest building · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«parish» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [parish in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/parish.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A parish is an area that has its own church and priest or vicar, and the people who live there.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:m1:1
# text = A parish is an area that has its own church and priest or vicar, and the people who live there.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	vicar	vicar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
21	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a parish | a area |  |  |  | the people *nmod* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | a area | parish's own church and priest or vicar |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent church=Patient |
| 3 | **live** | present | the people |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, local government — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A parish is a small area, often a village, with its own local council called a parish council.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:m2:1
# text = A parish is a small area, often a village, with its own local council called a parish council.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
14	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
17	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a parish | a small area and a village and parish's own local council |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | participle | parish's own local council *not said here* | a parish council |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parish can mean all the people who belong to a church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:m3:1
# text = The parish can mean all the people who belong to a church.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	belong	belong	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | the parish | all people |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Topic |
| 2 | **belong** | present | all people |  |  |  |  | to a church | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our parish church is the oldest building in the village.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x1:1
# text = Our parish church is the oldest building in the village.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	oldest	old	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Our parish church | the oldest building |  | the village |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parish priest visits people who are ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x2:1
# text = The parish priest visits people who are ill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	visits	visit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | present | the parish priest | people |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | people |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parish hall is used for Brownies and toddler groups.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x3:1
# text = The parish hall is used for Brownies and toddler groups.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Brownies	brownie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	toddler	toddler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | the parish hall |  |  |  | for Brownies and toddler groups | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for brownie=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The whole parish came to the summer fête.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x4:1
# text = The whole parish came to the summer fête.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	fête	fête	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the whole parish |  |  | the summer fête |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to fête=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parish council voted to build a new playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x5:1
# text = The parish council voted to build a new playground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	voted	vote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vote** | past | the parish council |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | to-infinitive | the parish council *not said here* | a new playground |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset playground=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old parish registers help us find out about our ancestors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x6:1
# text = Old parish registers help us find out about our ancestors.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	registers	register	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Old parish registers | us |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **find out** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about our ancestors | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about ancestor=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He went first to the priest, and asked him about the children in his parish.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parish:x7:1
# text = He went first to the priest, and asked him about the children in his parish.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	iobj	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	parish	parish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | He |  |  | the priest |  | first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to priest=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | He *not said here* |  | him *= he* | his parish |  | about the children | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient about child=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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