---
title: parr — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «parr» in the school dictionary: A parr is a young salmon or trout in its first year or two of life in a river, before it swims to the sea. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# parr

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** parr, It, sides, parr marks, young salmon, fry · **What happens:** be, swim, have, call, help, hide · **To what, where:** young salmon, sea, dark marks, sides, parr marks, it · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«parr» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [parr in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/parr.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A parr is a young salmon or trout in its first year or two of life in a river, before it swims to the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:m1:1
# text = A parr is a young salmon or trout in its first year or two of life in a river, before it swims to the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	salmon	salmon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	trout	trout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	amod	_	_
12	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	swims	swim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a parr | a young salmon or trout in parr's first year of life in a river |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **swim** | present | parr |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to sea=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It has dark marks on its sides called parr marks that help it hide.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:m2:1
# text = It has dark marks on its sides called parr marks that help it hide.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	xcomp	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | It | dark marks |  | its sides |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle | its sides *not said here* | parr marks |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **help** | present | parr marks | it |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 4 | **hide** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A parr is a young salmon living in the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:x1:1
# text = A parr is a young salmon living in the river.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	salmon	salmon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a parr | a young salmon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | gerund | a young salmon *not said here* |  |  | the river |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parr have dark stripes on their sides.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:x2:1
# text = The parr have dark stripes on their sides.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stripes	stripe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the parr | dark stripes |  | stripes's sides |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stripe=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the life cycle, the fry grows into a parr.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:x3:1
# text = In the life cycle, the fry grows into a parr.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fry	fry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | the fry |  |  | the life cycle |  | into a parr | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cycle=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We counted twenty parr in the stream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:x4:1
# text = We counted twenty parr in the stream.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | We | twenty parr |  | the stream |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parr=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The parr will turn into a smolt before going to sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:x5:1
# text = The parr will turn into a smolt before going to sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	smolt	smolt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | future | the parr |  |  | a smolt |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into smolt=Trajectory |
| 2 | **go** | gerund | the parr *not said here* |  |  | sea |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to sea=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kingfishers sometimes catch parr.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:parr:x6:1
# text = Kingfishers sometimes catch parr.
1	Kingfishers	kingfisher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
3	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	parr	parr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | present | Kingfishers | parr |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parr=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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