---
title: particular — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «particular» in the school dictionary: Particular means one certain thing, not any other: on that particular day. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# particular

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Particular, particular person, Particulars, He, particular book, you · **What happens:** mean, be, care, pick out, want, like · **To what, where:** one certain thing, lot, details, one thing, others, particular book

<!-- .vabout -->
«particular» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [particular in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/particular.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Particular means one certain thing, not any other: on that particular day.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:m1:1
# text = Particular means one certain thing, not any other: on that particular day.
1	Particular	particular	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
13	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Particular | one certain thing  any other |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Particular means special or more than usual: of particular importance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:m2:1
# text = Particular means special or more than usual: of particular importance.
1	Particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	importance	importance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Particular |  |  |  |  | special *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A particular person is fussy and cares a lot about details.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:m3:1
# text = A particular person is fussy and cares a lot about details.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	fussy	fussy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cares	care	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	details	detail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a particular person |  |  |  |  | fussy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **care** | present | a particular person *not said here* | a lot |  |  |  | about details | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He's very particular about his food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:m3e:1
# text = He's very particular about his food.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | about his food; particular *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Particulars are the details or facts about something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:m4:1
# text = Particulars are the details or facts about something.
1	Particulars	particular	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	details	detail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Particulars | the details or facts about something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"In particular" can mean especially, picking out one thing from others.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:m5:1
# text = "In particular" can mean especially, picking out one thing from others.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	picking	pick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | particular |  |  |  |  | especially *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pick out** | gerund | particular *not said here* | one thing |  | others |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent thing=Theme from other=Source |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is there a particular book you want?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x1:1
# text = Is there a particular book you want?
1	Is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	1	expl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a particular book |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **want** | present | you | a particular book *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot book=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I like all fruit, but bananas in particular.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x2:1
# text = I like all fruit, but bananas in particular.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	like	like	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	bananas	banana	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | I | all fruit |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot fruit=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is very particular about how her desk looks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x3:1
# text = She is very particular about how her desk looks.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | She |  |  |  |  | particular *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | her desk |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On that particular day it snowed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x4:1
# text = On that particular day it snowed.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	snowed	snow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **snow** | past | it |  |  |  | day |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«What are you doing?» «Nothing in particular.»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «What are you doing?»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x5:1
# text = «What are you doing?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Nothing in particular.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x5:2
# text = «Nothing in particular.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pay particular attention to the last question.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x6:1
# text = Pay particular attention to the last question.
1	Pay	pay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | imperative | you *not said here* | particular attention |  |  |  | to the last question | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Asset |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) Please give your particulars at the desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x7:1
# text = (formal) Please give your particulars at the desk.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	particulars	particular	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | infinitive | formal | your particulars |  | the desk |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent particular=Theme at desk=Asset |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The punctuation of the book, in particular, is very eccentric.'

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:particular:x8:1
# text = The punctuation of the book, in particular, is very eccentric.'
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	punctuation	punctuation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	eccentric	eccentric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the punctuation of the book |  |  |  |  | eccentric *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **punctuate** |  |  | the book |  |  |  |  | nom punctuation «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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