---
title: partridge — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «partridge» in the school dictionary: A plump brown bird that lives on the ground in fields and is sometimes hunted for food. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# partridge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plump brown bird, partridge, partridges, farmer, he · **What happens:** live, hunt, run, sing, hide, lay · **To what, where:** ground, field, long grass, many eggs, flock, game birds

<!-- .vabout -->
«partridge» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [partridge in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/partridge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plump brown bird that lives on the ground in fields and is sometimes hunted for food.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:m1:1
# text = A plump brown bird that lives on the ground in fields and is sometimes hunted for food.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	plump	plump	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
14	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	15	advmod	_	_
15	hunted	hunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | a plump brown bird |  |  | the ground |  | in fields | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in field=Location |
| 2 | **hunt** | present · passive | a plump brown bird *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for food; sometimes *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: for food=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A partridge ran across the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x1:1
# text = A partridge ran across the field.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	partridge	partridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | a partridge |  |  | the field |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across field=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«A partridge in a pear tree!» we sang.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x2:1
# text = «A partridge in a pear tree!» we sang.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	partridge	partridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | a partridge in a pear tree |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The partridges hid in the long grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x3:1
# text = The partridges hid in the long grass.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	partridges	partridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | the partridges |  |  | the long grass |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in grass=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Partridges lay many eggs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x4:1
# text = Partridges lay many eggs.
1	Partridges	partridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | Partridges | many eggs |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer saw a flock of partridges.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x5:1
# text = The farmer saw a flock of partridges.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	partridges	partridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the farmer | a flock of partridges |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flock=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Partridges are game birds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x6:1
# text = Partridges are game birds.
1	Partridges	partridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Partridges | game birds |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One day by chance he found a tame Partridge for sale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:partridge:x7:1
# text = One day by chance he found a tame Partridge for sale.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	tame	tame	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Partridge	partridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | he | a tame Partridge |  |  | day | for sale | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent partridge=Theme for sale=Beneficiary |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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