---
title: passed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «passed» in the school dictionary: went past; moved by something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# passed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, She, her, you, dad, rain · **What happens:** go past, move, succeed, give, pass, die · **To what, where:** test, something, someone, salt, school, way

<!-- .vabout -->
«passed» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [passed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/passed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
went past; moved by something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:m1:1
# text = went past; moved by something.
1	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	past	past	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go past** | past |  |  |  |  |  | past *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **move** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by something | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by something=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
succeeded in a test or exam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:m2:1
# text = succeeded in a test or exam.
1	succeeded	succeed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **succeed** | participle |  |  |  | a test or exam |  |  | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent in test=Eventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
gave something to someone (passed the salt).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:m3:1
# text = gave something to someone (passed the salt).
1	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past |  | something | someone |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent something=Theme to someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **pass** | participle |  | the salt |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme salt=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism, polite, mostly US — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
died (short for passed away).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:m4:1
# text = died (short for passed away).
1	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **pass away** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
time went by.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:m5:1
# text = time went by.
1	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go by** | past |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We passed the school on the way home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x1:1
# text = We passed the school on the way home.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	home	home	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | We | the school |  | the way |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent school=Theme on way=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She passed her maths test!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x2:1
# text = She passed her maths test!
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | She | her maths test |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Trajectory |
| 2 | **test** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you pass the salt, please?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x3:1
# text = Can you pass the salt, please?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | can | you | the salt |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme salt=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His dad passed when he was little.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x4:1
# text = His dad passed when he was little.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | His dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | dad |  |  |  |  | little *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Three hours passed before the rain stopped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x5:1
# text = Three hours passed before the rain stopped.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | participle · passive |  | Three hours |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
| 2 | **stop** | past | the rain |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma passed peacefully in her sleep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x6:1
# text = Grandma passed peacefully in her sleep.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	peacefully	peacefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | Grandma |  |  | Grandma's sleep |  | peacefully *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in sleep=Location |
| 2 | **sleep** |  | Grandma |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He passed the ball to his teammate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x7:1
# text = He passed the ball to his teammate.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teammate	teammate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | He | the ball | his teammate |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ball=Theme to teammate=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many years passed by after this.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:passed:x8:1
# text = Many years passed by after this.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | participle | Many years |  |  |  |  | by this | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by this=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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