---
title: pasture — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pasture» in the school dictionary: A pasture is a field of grass where cows, sheep, horses or other animals graze. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pasture

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pasture, cows, Pastures, that, Psalm, me · **What happens:** be, graze, pasture, eat, mean, make · **To what, where:** field, animals, grass, new place, me, green pastures · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pasture» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pasture in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pasture.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pasture is a field of grass where cows, sheep, horses or other animals graze.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:m1:1
# text = A pasture is a field of grass where cows, sheep, horses or other animals graze.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
9	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
17	graze	graze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pasture | a field |  |  |  | of grass | tree rules |
| 2 | **graze** | present | cows and sheep and horses or other animals |  |  |  |  |  | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To pasture animals is to put them in a field to eat the grass.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:m2:1
# text = To pasture animals is to put them in a field to eat the grass.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	pasture	pasture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pasture** | to-infinitive |  | animals |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a field |  | put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive |  | the grass |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pastures new» or «greener pastures» means a new place or job that might be better.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:m3:1
# text = «Pastures new» or «greener pastures» means a new place or job that might be better.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pastures	pasture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	greener	green	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	pastures	pasture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
17	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	cop	_	_
19	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Pastures or greener pastures | a new place or job |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | might | that |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Psalm 23, «He maketh me to lie down in green pastures» is a picture of God caring for people like a shepherd.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:m4:1
# text = In Psalm 23, «He maketh me to lie down in green pastures» is a picture of God caring for people like a shepherd.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Psalm	Psalm	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:unmarked	_	_
3	23	23	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
8	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	pastures	pasture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	caring	care	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | present | Psalm | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie down** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  | green pastures |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in pasture=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | a picture |  | 23  Psalm |  | of God | tree rules |
| 4 | **care** | gerund | a picture *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for people like a shepherd | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for people=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cows are grazing in the pasture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x1:1
# text = The cows are grazing in the pasture.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	grazing	graze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **graze** | present · progressive | the cows |  |  | the pasture |  |  | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer moved the sheep to a fresh pasture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x2:1
# text = The farmer moved the sheep to a fresh pasture.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | the farmer | the sheep |  | a fresh pasture |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme to pasture=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«He makes me lie down in green pastures,» says Psalm 23.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x3:1
# text = «He makes me lie down in green pastures,» says Psalm 23.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pastures	pasture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
12	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	Psalm	Psalm	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:unmarked	_	_
14	23	23	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | present | He | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie down** *in a quote* | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  | green pastures |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in pasture=Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | He *not said here* | 23  Psalm |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After ten years at the school, our teacher left for pastures new.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x4:1
# text = After ten years at the school, our teacher left for pastures new.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	pastures	pasture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
13	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | our teacher |  |  |  | year | for pastures; new *property* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for pasture=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old horse was put out to pasture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x5:1
# text = The old horse was put out to pasture.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	pasture	pasture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put out** | past · passive |  | the old horse |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 2 | **pasture** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pasture land covers much of New Zealand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x6:1
# text = Pasture land covers much of New Zealand.
1	Pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	covers	cover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
7	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present | Pasture land | much of New Zealand |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme much=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soon he found life in the pasture very dull.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasture:x7:1
# text = Soon he found life in the pasture very dull.
1	Soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | he | life |  | the pasture |  | soon *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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