---
title: pasty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pasty» in the school dictionary: noun (UK). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pasty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pastry case, We, Tin miners, he, paint, Gran · **What happens:** look, fold, bake, be, buy, fill · **To what, where:** pastry case, filling, meat, hot Cornish pasty, beach, pasty

<!-- .vabout -->
«pasty» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pasty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pasty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
noun (UK).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:m1:1
# text = noun (UK).
1	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pastry case folded around a filling of meat and vegetables, baked; the Cornish pasty is famous.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:m1e:1
# text = A pastry case folded around a filling of meat and vegetables, baked; the Cornish pasty is famous.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pastry	pastry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
4	folded	fold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	filling	filling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Cornish	Cornish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	pasty	pasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fold** | participle |  | a pastry case *not said here* |  | a filling of meat and vegetables |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **bake** | participle |  | meat and vegetables *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | a pastry case |  |  |  |  | famous *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
adjective: (of a face or skin) Pale and unhealthy-looking, like dough.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:m2:1
# text = adjective: (of a face or skin) Pale and unhealthy-looking, like dough.
1	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
10	Pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	unhealthy	unhealthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like dough | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
adjective: Like paste: thick and sticky.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:m3:1
# text = adjective: Like paste: thick and sticky.
1	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	Like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	paste	paste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We bought a hot Cornish pasty at the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x1:1
# text = We bought a hot Cornish pasty at the beach.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	Cornish	Cornish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	pasty	pasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | We | a hot Cornish pasty |  | the beach |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent pasty=Theme at beach=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pasty was filled with beef, potato and onion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x2:1
# text = The pasty was filled with beef, potato and onion.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pasty	pasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	beef	beef	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	potato	potato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	onion	onion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past · passive |  | the pasty |  |  |  | with beef and potato and onion | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with beef=Instrument |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tin miners used to eat pasties down the mines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x3:1
# text = Tin miners used to eat pasties down the mines.
1	Tin	tin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	pasties	pasty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	mines	mine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Tin miners |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive | Tin miners *not said here* | pasties |  |  |  | down the mines | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pasty=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After being ill all week he looked pasty and tired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x4:1
# text = After being ill all week he looked pasty and tired.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	cop	_	_
3	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	pasty	pasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | past | he |  |  |  | week | pasty *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The paint looked thick and pasty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x5:1
# text = The paint looked thick and pasty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	pasty	pasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the paint |  |  |  |  | thick *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gran bakes cheese and onion pasties on Saturdays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x6:1
# text = Gran bakes cheese and onion pasties on Saturdays.
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bakes	bake	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	onion	onion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	pasties	pasty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Saturdays	Saturday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | present | Gran | cheese and onion pasties on Saturdays |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheese=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I made the pasty according to the best rules; nothing has been left out.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pasty:x7:1
# text = I made the pasty according to the best rules; nothing has been left out.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pasty	pasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | I | the pasty |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pasty=Product |
| 2 | **accord** | gerund | I *not said here* | the best rules |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |
| 3 | **leave out** | present · perfect · passive |  | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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