---
title: paternity — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «paternity» in the school dictionary: Being the father of a child. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# paternity

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** father, idea, Dad, two weeks, paternity test, workplace · **What happens:** be, get, bear, come, start, take · **To what, where:** father, leave time, work, baby, sister, good paternity pay · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«paternity» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [paternity in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/paternity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being the father of a child.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:m1:1
# text = Being the father of a child.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	cop	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | gerund |  | the father |  |  |  | of a child | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adult life — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Paternity leave» is time off work that a father gets when his baby is born.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:m2:1
# text = «Paternity leave» is time off work that a father gets when his baby is born.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | leave time |  |  |  | off work | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present | a father | work |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 3 | **bear** | present · passive |  | father's baby |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where an idea or work came from; who started it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:m3:1
# text = Where an idea or work came from; who started it.
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	6	advmod	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a idea or work |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **start** | past |  | work |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad took two weeks of paternity leave when my sister was born.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:x1:1
# text = Dad took two weeks of paternity leave when my sister was born.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Dad |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **leave** | present | two weeks of paternity |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bear** | past · passive |  | my sister |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A paternity test can show who a baby's father is.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:x2:1
# text = A paternity test can show who a baby's father is.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	ccomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | can | a paternity test |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a baby's father |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His workplace gives good paternity pay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:x3:1
# text = His workplace gives good paternity pay.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	workplace	workplace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | His workplace | good paternity pay |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pay=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The court looked at the question of paternity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:x4:1
# text = The court looked at the question of paternity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the court |  |  |  |  | at the question of paternity | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at question=Theme |
| 2 | **question** |  |  | paternity |  |  |  |  | nom question «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum had maternity leave and Dad had paternity leave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:x5:1
# text = Mum had maternity leave and Dad had paternity leave.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	maternity	maternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Mum | maternity leave |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | past | Dad | paternity leave |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, the boy's paternity was a mystery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:paternity:x6:1
# text = In the story, the boy's paternity was a mystery.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	paternity	paternity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	mystery	mystery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the boy's paternity | a mystery |  | the story |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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