---
title: payer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «payer» in the school dictionary: A payer is the person or group who pays money. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# payer

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**Who acts:** payer, group, taxpayer, person, 3 dollars, Taxpayers · **What happens:** be, pay, give, split, get, change · **To what, where:** person, money, taxes, 5 dollars, bill, change

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«payer» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [payer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/payer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A payer is the person or group who pays money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:m1:1
# text = A payer is the person or group who pays money.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	payer	payer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	pays	pay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a payer | the person or group |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | present | group | money |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A taxpayer is a person who pays taxes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:m2:1
# text = A taxpayer is a person who pays taxes.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	taxpayer	taxpayer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	pays	pay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	taxes	tax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a taxpayer | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | present | a person | taxes |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each payer gives 5 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:x1:1
# text = Each payer gives 5 dollars.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	payer	payer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | each payer | 5 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dollar=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bill is split among 4 payers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:x2:1
# text = The bill is split among 4 payers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	split	split	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	among	among	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	payers	payer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **split** | present · passive |  | the bill |  |  |  | among 4 payers | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The payer gets change of 3 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:x3:1
# text = The payer gets change of 3 dollars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	payer	payer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | the payer | change of 3 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer change=Stimulus |
| 2 | **change** |  | 3 dollars |  |  |  |  |  | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The payer must sign the cheque.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:x4:1
# text = The payer must sign the cheque.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	payer	payer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sign	sign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cheque	cheque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | must | the payer | the cheque |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent cheque=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taxpayers pay for schools and roads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:x5:1
# text = Taxpayers pay for schools and roads.
1	Taxpayers	taxpayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pay	pay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | present | Taxpayers |  |  |  |  | for schools and roads | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for school=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person who receives the money is the payee, not the payer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:payer:x6:1
# text = The person who receives the money is the payee, not the payer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	receives	receive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	payee	payee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	payer	payer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | present | the person | the money |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the person | the payee and the payer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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