---
title: pear — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pear» in the school dictionary: A pear is a sweet, juicy fruit, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a green, yellow or brown skin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pear

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pear, pear tree, tree, I, Ana, bag · **What happens:** be, grow, shape, mean, go, put · **To what, where:** sweet juicy fruit, tree, pears, one pear, table, 7 pears · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pear» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pear in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pear.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pear is a sweet, juicy fruit, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a green, yellow or brown skin.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:m1:1
# text = A pear is a sweet, juicy fruit, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a green, yellow or brown skin.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	juicy	juicy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
22	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
27	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pear | a sweet juicy fruit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pear tree is the tree that grows pears.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:m2:1
# text = A pear tree is the tree that grows pears.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	pears	pear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pear tree | the tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | the tree | pears |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pear=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Pear-shaped» means narrow at the top and wide at the bottom; «go pear-shaped» (UK) means go wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:m3:1
# text = «Pear-shaped» means narrow at the top and wide at the bottom; «go pear-shaped» (UK) means go wrong.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	26	parataxis	_	_
19	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
23	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	_
26	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
27	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	26	ccomp	_	_
28	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | narrow *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **shape** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I put one pear on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x1:1
# text = I put one pear on the table.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | I | one pear |  | the table |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pear=Theme on table=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ana picked 7 pears and gave 2 to Jo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x2:1
# text = Ana picked 7 pears and gave 2 to Jo.
1	Ana	Ana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	picked	pick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pears	pear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Jo	Jo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pick** | past | Ana | 7 pears |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pear=Patient |
| 2 | **give** | past | Ana *not said here* | 2 | Jo |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent 2=Theme to jo=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each bag has 5 pears.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x3:1
# text = Each bag has 5 pears.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pears	pear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each bag | 5 pears |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pear=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This pear is soft and juicy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x4:1
# text = This pear is soft and juicy.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	juicy	juicy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this pear |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | this pear *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pears grow on trees in the orchard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x5:1
# text = Pears grow on trees in the orchard.
1	Pears	pear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	orchard	orchard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Pears |  |  | trees |  | in the orchard | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a pear and some cheese for a snack.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x6:1
# text = I had a pear and some cheese for a snack.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | a pear and some cheese for a snack |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pear=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut the pear and take out the core.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x7:1
# text = Cut the pear and take out the core.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	core	core	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pear |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pear=Product |
| 2 | **take out** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the core |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent core=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A light bulb is pear-shaped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x8:1
# text = A light bulb is pear-shaped.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
5	pear	pear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | present · passive |  | a light bulb |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Give me another basket of pears,” he said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pear:x9:1
# text = “Give me another basket of pears,” he said.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pears	pear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | another basket of pears | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient basket=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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